Glucosinolates, isothiocyanates and human health

Τράκα, Μαρία; Mithen, Richard

doi:10.1007/s11101-008-9103-7

Cited by 423 publications

(298 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…Consuming ITCs from crucifers in their non-active, but more stable, precursor form as GLSs remains an option. However, GLSs undergo an uncertain and variable degree of enzymatic conversion to ITCs by host gut microbiota (Traka & Mithen, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable, water extractable isothiocyanates from Moringa oleifera leaves attenuate inflammation in vitro

Waterman¹,

Cheng²,

Rojas-Silva³

et al. 2014

Planta Med

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Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) is an edible plant used as food and medicine throughout the tropics. A moringa concentrate (MC) made by extracting fresh leaves with water utilized naturally occurring myrosinase to convert four moringa glucosinolates (1-4) into moringa isothiocyanates (5-8). Optimum conditions maximizing MC yield, compound 5 (4-[(α-Lrhamnosyloxy)benzyl]isothiocyanate), and compound 8 (4-[(4'-O-acetyl-α-Lrhamnosyloxy)benzyl]isothiocyanate) content were established (1:5 fresh leaf weight to water ratio at room temperature). The optimized MC contained 1.66% isothiocyanates and 3.82% total polyphenols. Compound 8 exhibited 80% stability at 37 °C for 30 days. MC, 5, and 8 significantly decreased gene expression and production of inflammatory markers in RAW macrophages. Specifically, 5 and 8 attenuated expression of iNOS and IL-1β and production of nitric oxide and TNFβ at 1 and 5 µM. Our results suggest a potential for stable and concentrated moringa isothiocyanates (5-8), delivered in MC as a food-grade product, to alleviate low-grade inflammation associated with chronic diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable, water extractable isothiocyanates from Moringa oleifera leaves attenuate inflammation in vitro

Waterman¹,

Cheng²,

Rojas-Silva³

et al. 2014

Planta Med

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“…Glutathione (L--glutamyl-L-cysteinylglycine) is a non-protein thiol that is in abundance in mammalian cells. As a strong nucleophile, GSH can react naturally with many electrophiles even without the catalysis of GSTs (Traka and Mithen 2009). Thus, high intracellular levels of GSH in mammalian cells may exclusively constitute a vital line of defense against reactive electrophiles, such as isothiocyanates, and oxidative stress (Dickinson and Forman 2002).…”

Section: Use Of Biodegradation Techniques For Bitc Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiations and biodegradation techniques for detoxifying Carica papaya seed oil for effective dietary and industrial use

et al. 2015

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Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is toxic in high concentration. The capacity of Aspergillus niger, microwave and ultraviolet radiations to reduce the BITC levels in Carica papaya Linn seed oil were assessed in vitro. BITC at different concentrations were periodically exposed to microwave and ultraviolet radiations for 30 min and 10 h, respectively; and to identify Aspergillus niger for 4 days. Microwave radiation significantly reduced (p<0.05) BITC levels (0.0272, 0.0544, and 0.0816 μmol) to 12.19, 8.99 and 27.5 % respectively within 15 min. Ultraviolet radiation significantly reduced (p<0.05) BITC levels at all the concentrations. A. niger significantly increased (p<0.05) BITC degradation on days 2 and 4 at 0.816, 1.36 and 2.72 nmol. Glutathione activity was significantly increased (p<0.05) while glutathione S-transferase activity significantly reduced (p<0.05) at all concentrations on days 3 and 4 respectively. The three techniques are possible models for improving the dietary consumption of the oil.

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“…Flavonoids are known to have anticancer effects and prevent heart disease (Nabasree and Bratati, 2007), while GSLs are well-known anticarcinogens (Traka and Mithen, 2009;. GSLs in particular are functional components unique to Brassicaceae crops Rodrigues and Rosa, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical Quality Changes in Chinese Cabbage with Storage Period and Temperature: A Review

Shim¹,

Kim²,

Park³

et al. 2016

Journal of Biosystems Engineering

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Background: Recent inquiries into high-quality foods have discussed the importance of the functional aspects of foods, in addition to traditional quality indicators such as color, firmness, weight, trimming loss, respiration rate, texture, and soluble solid content. Recently, functional Chinese cabbage, which makes up a large portion of the vegetables consumed in Korea, has been identified as an anticancer treatment. However, the investigation of practical issues, such as the effects of storage conditions on quality indicators (including functional compounds), is still limited. Purpose: We reviewed various studies on variations in the quality indicators and functional compounds of Chinese cabbage in response to different storage environments, focusing on storage temperature and storage period. In particular, we emphasized the effect of storage temperature and storage period on glucosinolate (GSL) levels, in order to provide guidelines for optimizing storage environments to maximize GSLs. Additionally, we used response surface methodology to propose experimental designs for future studies exploring the optimal storage conditions for enhancing GSL contents. Review: Large variations in quality indicators were observed depending on the cultivar, the type of storage, the storage conditions, and the harvest time. In particular, GSL content varied with storage conditions, indicating that either low temperatures or adequate air composition by controlled atmospheric storage may preserve GSL levels, as well as prolonging shelf life. Even though genetic and biochemical approaches are preferred for developing functional Chinese cabbage, it is important to establish a practical method for preserving quality for marketability; a prospective study into optimal storage conditions for preserving functional compounds (which can be applied in farms), is required. This may be achievable with the comprehensive meta-analysis of currently published data introduced in this review, or by conducting newly designed experiments investigating the relationship between storage conditions and the levels of functional compounds.

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Glucosinolates, isothiocyanates and human health

Cited by 423 publications

References 124 publications

Stable, water extractable isothiocyanates from Moringa oleifera leaves attenuate inflammation in vitro

Stable, water extractable isothiocyanates from Moringa oleifera leaves attenuate inflammation in vitro

Radiations and biodegradation techniques for detoxifying Carica papaya seed oil for effective dietary and industrial use

Physicochemical Quality Changes in Chinese Cabbage with Storage Period and Temperature: A Review

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