Glutamine Administration Enhances the Healing of Lung Parenchymal Injuries and Reduces Air Leakage in Rats

Şanli, Aydın; Önen, Ahmet; Sarıoğlu, Sülen; Sis, B.; Güneli, Ensari; Gökçen, Banu; Karapolat, Sami; Açıkel, Ünal

doi:10.1620/tjem.210.239

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The GLN groups received IP injections of 1 g/kg GLN (HyClone) (0.05 g/ml) in saline suspension. The dose of GLN was chosen based on previous studies that showed positive effects when 1 g/kg or higher of IP GLN were used 47, 48. Saline or LPS and saline or GLN injections were given concurrently.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamine preserves skeletal muscle force during an inflammatory insult

Meador

Huey

2009

Muscle and Nerve

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The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that acute glutamine (GLN) supplementation can counteract skeletal muscle contractile dysfunction occurring in response to inflammation by elevating muscle heat shock protein (Hsp) expression and reducing inflammatory cytokines. Mice received 5 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concurrently with 1 g/kg GLN or vehicle treatments. Plantarflexor isometric force production was measured at 2 hours post-injection. Blood and gastrocnemius muscles were collected, and serum and muscle tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and muscle Hsp70 and Hsp25 were quantified. Saline/LPS treatment was associated with a 33% reduction in maximal force and elevated serum TNF-alpha and IL-6. GLN completely prevented this force decrement with LPS. GLN was found to reduce muscle Hsp70 and IL-6, but only in the presence of LPS. GLN supplementation provides an effective, novel, clinically applicable means of preserving muscle force during acute inflammation. These data indicate that force preservation is not dependent on reductions in serum cytokines or muscle TNF-alpha, or elevated Hsp levels.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamine preserves skeletal muscle force during an inflammatory insult

Meador

Huey

2009

Muscle and Nerve

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“…Reports have demonstrated the benefit of glutamine supplementation alone on wound collagen synthesis and accumulation in primary or secondary (36) wounds. Specifically, a study of air leak pressures after deliberate pulmonary laceration in a group of Wistar albino rats indicated that rats receiving glutamine supplementation had higher air leak pressures than control animals, and that these animals also had higher levels of immature collagen, as demonstrated by histopathology (37). A second study similarly demonstrated greater burst strength in colon anastomoses in rats with glutamine supplementation than those with glycine supplementation, and also noted higher levels of mature collagen in the anastomotic colon tissue of the glutamine group (38).…”

Section: Clinical and Preclinical Data Examining Nutrient Supplementamentioning

confidence: 99%

Proline Precursors and Collagen Synthesis: Biochemical Challenges of Nutrient Supplementation and Wound Healing

Albaugh¹,

Mukherjee²,

Barbul³

2017

The Journal of Nutrition

147

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Wound healing is a complex process marked by highly coordinated immune fluxes into an area of tissue injury; these are required for re-establishment of normal tissue integrity. Along with this cascade of cellular players, wound healing also requires coordinated flux through a number of biochemical pathways, leading to synthesis of collagen and recycling or removal of damaged tissues. The availability of nutrients, especially amino acids, is critical for wound healing, and enteral supplementation has been intensely studied as a potential mechanism to augment wound healing-either by increasing tensile strength, decreasing healing time, or both. From a practical standpoint, although enteral nutrient supplementation may seem like a reasonable strategy to augment healing, a number of biochemical and physiologic barriers exist that limit this strategy. In this critical review, the physiology of enteral amino acid metabolism and supplementation and challenges therein are discussed in the context of splanchnic physiology and biochemistry. Additionally, a review of studies examining various methods of amino acid supplementation and the associated effects on wound outcomes are discussed.

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“…The dose of glutamine was also chosen based upon previous studies in rodents showing positive effects using 1 g kg −1 or higher i.p. glutamine (Prem et al 1999; Sanli et al 2006). Furthermore, our dose is within the range of effective doses (0.30–1.5 g kg −1 day −1 ) used in human clinical studies (Oliveira et al 2010; Wernerman, 2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of glutamine supplementation on muscle function and stress responses in a mouse model of spinal cord injury

Chamney

Godar

Garrigan

et al. 2013

Experimental Physiology

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New Findings r What is the central question of this study?The beneficial effects of glutamine supplementation are related to heat shock protein induction and reduced inflammation, but its effects on skeletal muscle function, heat shock protein expression and inflammatory factors after spinal cord injury (SCI) are unknown. r What is the main finding and its importance? Using a mouse model of SCI, glutamine supplementation for 7 days following SCI was associated with significant improvements in muscle force, fatigue resistance and maintenance of contractile proteins versus placebo. Lower protein levels of heat shock proteins, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α after SCI suggest that reduced stress is experienced by skeletal muscles with glutamine. The findings support glutamine as a therapeutic intervention to moderate inflammation and accelerate recovery of muscle function after SCI.Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in loss of muscle function due to rapid breakdown of contractile proteins. Glutamine supplementation improves clinical outcomes, but its effects on muscle function after SCI are unknown. The benefits of glutamine in non-skeletal muscle tissues involve elevated heat shock protein (Hsp)70 and Hsp25, but the muscle response may differ because it is the largest contributor to plasma glutamine. We tested the hypothesis that glutamine preserves muscle function after SCI and that this is associated with increased heat shock protein and reduced inflammatory factors, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα). Changes in plantarflexor force, fatigability and total myofibrillar, Hsp70, Hsp25, IL-6 and TNFα muscle protein levels were measured 7 days after sham or spinal cord transection surgery in mice receiving daily placebo or glutamine. Compared with placebo, after SCI glutamine significantly attenuated the reductions in maximal isometric force (0.22 ± 0.01 versus 0.31 ± 0.03 N, respectively) and fatigue resistance (34 ± 4 versus 59 ± 4% of initial force, respectively). Glutamine significantly ameliorated the loss of myofibrillar protein with spinal cord transection. Spinal cord transection was associated with decreased Hsp70 and Hsp25 with glutamine only (45 ± 3 and 44 ± 5% of placebo, respectively). Glutamine significantly reduced spinal cord transection-associated increases in IL-6 and TNFα compared with placebo (38 ± 6 and 37 ± 8% of placebo, respectively). Functionally, early reductions in contractile protein, force and fatigue resistance after SCI were reversed with glutamine. Spinal cord transection-associated reductions in Hsp70, Hsp25, IL-6 and TNFα with glutamine versus placebo suggest lower stress C.C. and M.G. contributed equally to this work

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Glutamine Administration Enhances the Healing of Lung Parenchymal Injuries and Reduces Air Leakage in Rats

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Glutamine preserves skeletal muscle force during an inflammatory insult

Glutamine preserves skeletal muscle force during an inflammatory insult

Proline Precursors and Collagen Synthesis: Biochemical Challenges of Nutrient Supplementation and Wound Healing

Effects of glutamine supplementation on muscle function and stress responses in a mouse model of spinal cord injury

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