Glutamine dipeptides in clinical nutrition

Fürst, Peter; Pogan, Karin; Stehle, Peter

doi:10.1016/s0899-9007(97)83035-3

Cited by 132 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Glutamine is the most abundant free amino acid in the body with a central role to play in many metabolic processes (eg as a vehicle for interorgan transport of nitrogen and carbon skeletons, a precursor for nucleotides and glutathione, and a regulator of acid-base balance) (Furst et al, 1997). In the total population, plasma AA analysis revealed no differences in plasma glutamine concentrations between the two study groups during the course of the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In animals and man, enteral or parenteral nutrition supplemented with glutamine is associated with improved lymphocyte function and antioxidant capacity compared to standard TPN (Furst et al, 1997). In various catabolic situations, glutamine administration resulted in a significant decrease in morbidity and mortality (Jiang et al, 1993;Furst et al, 1997;Houdijk et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way, gln becomes an 'essential' amino acid during catabolic states which occur in stress phases (Furst et al, 1997). For a long time, gln could not be used for parenteral administration because of its limited solubility and stability in water, but this changed once glutamine dipeptides became available (Furst et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glutamine-enriched total parenteral nutrition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

et al. 2005

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Background: Studies in animal models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) suggest that supplementation of total parenteral nutrition with glutamine (gln), a conditionally essential amino acid in catabolic conditions, increases gln plasma concentrations, reduces intestinal damage, improves nitrogen balance and may improve the course of the disease. However, human data supporting this assumption are missing. Methods: A total of 24 consecutive patients with an acute exacerbation of IBD (19 Crohn's disease; five ulcerative colitis) and scheduled for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) (47 days) were randomised. Parallel to a standardised anti-inflammatory therapy, the patients received either a TPN with 1.5 g/kg body weight of a standard amino acid or an isonitrogenic, isocaloric TPN with 1.2 g/kg body weight of a standard amino acid and 0.3 g/kg L-alanine-L-glutamine. Primary end points were gln plasma concentrations and intestinal permeability assessed by urinary lactulose and D-xylose ratio. Results: Gln plasma levels did not differ significantly in either group throughout the study. Intestinal permeability did not change within 7 days either with or without gln supplementation (D-lactulose/xylose ratio: 0.0170.05 (gln þ ) vs 0.0270.1 (glnÀ)). The observed changes in inflammatory and nutritional parameters, and also disease activity, length of TPN and hospital stay, were independent of glutamine substitution. Five (41%) patients in the gln þ group and three (25%) patients in the glnÀ group needed surgical intervention. Conclusion: Although limited by the sample size, these results do not support the hypothesis that glutamine substitution has an obvious biochemical or clinical benefit in patients with active IBD scheduled for total parenteral nutrition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glutamine-enriched total parenteral nutrition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

et al. 2005

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“…Nutritional support provides a rapid improvement in nitrogen balance of the patients with AP. In the body, glutamine is used for the nitrogen requirements of immune system cells, enterocytes, and also for nitrogen resources of metabolic activities, and for filling the glutamine pool (Ziegler et al, 1996;Fürst et al, 1997). In some studies, it has been shown that TPN without glutamine had beneficial effects on the nitrogen balance like the glutamine-enriched TPN (Sitzman et al, 1989;Scolapio et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although glutamine is a nonessential amino acid, it is recognized as 'conditionally essential amino acid' because of the increased body's demand in catabolic state (Hall et al, 1996;Fürst et al, 1997;Oguz, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of glutamine-enriched total parenteral nutrition on acute pancreatitis

et al. 2007

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Aim: This study was performed to determine the effects of glutamine enriched total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on the patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Method: Forty patients with AP, who had Ranson's score between 2 and 4 received either standard TPN (control group) or TPN with glutamine (treatment group). The patients in the treatment group received TPN containing 0.3 g/kg/days glutamine. At the end of the study, patients were evaluated for nutritional and inflammatory parameters, length of TPN and length of hospital stay.Results: The length of TPN applications were 10.573.6 days and 11.672.5 days, and the length of hospital stays were 14.274.4 and 16.473.9 days for the treatment and control groups (NS), and the complication rates in the treatment and control groups were 10 and 40%, respectively (Po0.05). The transferrin level increased by 11.7% in the group that received glutamine-enriched TPN (Po0.05), whereas the transferrin level decreased by 12.1% in the control group (NS). At the end of the study, slight but not significant changes were determined in both groups in fasting blood sugar, albumin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, total cholesterol concentrations, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, leukocytes, CD 4 , CD 8 , serum Zn, Ca and P levels compare to the baseline levels (NS). Significant decreases were determined in serum lipase, amylase activities and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in both groups (Po0.05). Conclusions:The results of this study have shown that glutamine supplementation to TPN have beneficial effects on the prevention of complications in patients with AP.

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Glutamine supplementation for young infants with severe gastrointestinal disease

Tubman

McGuire

2006

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Glutamine dipeptides in clinical nutrition

Cited by 132 publications

References 76 publications

Glutamine-enriched total parenteral nutrition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Glutamine-enriched total parenteral nutrition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Effects of glutamine-enriched total parenteral nutrition on acute pancreatitis

Glutamine supplementation for young infants with severe gastrointestinal disease

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