Glutaredoxin Interacts with GR and AhpC to Enhance Low-Temperature Tolerance of Antarctic Psychrophile Psychrobacter sp. ANT206

Abstract

Glutaredoxin (Grx) is an important oxidoreductase to maintain the redox homoeostasis of cells. In our previous study, cold-adapted Grx from Psychrobacter sp. ANT206 (PsGrx) has been characterized. Here, we constructed an in-frame deletion mutant of psgrx (Δpsgrx). Mutant Δpsgrx was more sensitive to low temperature, demonstrating that psgrx was conducive to the growth of ANT206. Mutant Δpsgrx also had more malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonylation content, suggesting that PsGrx could play a part in the regulation of tolerance against low temperature. A yeast two-hybrid system was adopted to screen interacting proteins of 26 components. Furthermore, two target proteins, glutathione reductase (GR) and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit C (AhpC), were regulated by PsGrx under low temperature, and the interactions were confirmed via bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). Moreover, PsGrx could enhance GR activity. trxR expression in Δpsgrx, Δahpc, and ANT206 were illustrated 3.7, 2.4, and 10-fold more than mutant Δpsgrx Δahpc, indicating that PsGrx might increase the expression of trxR by interacting with AhpC. In conclusion, PsGrx may participate in glutathione metabolism and ROS-scavenging by regulating GR and AhpC to protect the growth of ANT206. These findings preliminarily suggest the role of PsGrx in the regulation of oxidative stress, which could improve the low-temperature tolerance of ANT206.

Integrated Analysis of DNA Methylome and Transcriptome Reveals Epigenetic Regulation of Cold Tolerance in Litopenaeus vannamei

“…The protein induced by cold stress, Rbm3, binds to the 60S ribosomal subunit, changes microRNA levels, and enhances overall protein synthesis [67]. In addition, studies have shown that CCT is a cold shock protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [68], and Glutaredoxin (Grx) interacts with GR and AhpC to enhance the low-temperature tolerance of the Antarctic psychrophilic bacterium ANT206 [69]. These results mean that these genes may play an important role in low-temperature stress and cold tolerance.…”