Glutathione: new roles in redox signaling for an old antioxidant

Aquilano, Katia; Baldelli, Sara; Ciriolo, Maria Rosa

doi:10.3389/fphar.2014.00196

Cited by 684 publications

(570 citation statements)

References 134 publications

(163 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

541

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The cytoplasmic ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) in healthy cells approaches 100/1, and steady state is maintained by NADPH-dependent GSH reductase (57). Under conditions of moderate oxidative stress, a limited amount of GSH is converted to GSSG which alters the GSH/GSSH ratio as well as cellular redox status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Attenuation of Oxidative Stress in HEK 293 Cells by the TCM Constituents Schisanhenol, Baicalein, Resveratrol or Crocetin and Two Defined Mixtures

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-PURPOSE:Our working hypothesis is that single bioactive phytochemicals with antioxidant properties that are important constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and their defined mixtures have potential as chemoprotective agents for chronic conditions characterized by oxidative and nitrosative stress, including Alzheimer's. Here we evaluate the ability of baicalein, crocetin, trans-resveratrol or schisanhenol and two defined mixtures of these TCM phytochemicals to attenuate the toxicity resulting from exposure to cell permeant t-butyl hydroperoxide (tBPH) in wild-type and bioengineered (to express choline acetyltransferase) HEK 293 cells. METHODS: Endpoints of tBHP-initiated oxidative and nitrosative stress in both types of HEK 293 cells and its attenuation by TCM constituents and mixtures included cytotoxicity (LDH release); depletion of intracellular glutathione (GSH); formation of S-glutathionylated proteins; oxidative changes to the disulfide proteome; and real-time changes in intracellular redox status. RESULTS: At low µM concentrations, each of the TCM constituents and mixtures effectively attenuated intracellular toxicity due to exposure of HEK 293 cells to 50 or 250 µM tBHP for 30 min to 3 h. Confocal microscopy of HEK 293 cells transfected with mutated green fluorescent protein (roGFP2) showed effective attenuation of tBHP oxidation by baicalein in real time. Three redox-regulated proteins prominent in the disulfide proteome of HEK 293 cells were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that single TCM chemicals and their simple mixtures have potential for use in adjunct chemoprotective therapy. Advantages of mixtures compared to single TCM constituents include the ability to combine compounds with varying molecular mechanisms of cytoprotection for enhanced biological activity; and to combine chemicals with complementary pharmacokinetic properties to increase half-life and prolong activity in vivo.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It represents approximately 95% of total nonprotein sulfhydryls and is the major modulator of cellular redox equilibrium (57). Tables 1 and 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attenuation of Oxidative Stress in HEK 293 Cells by the TCM Constituents Schisanhenol, Baicalein, Resveratrol or Crocetin and Two Defined Mixtures

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It seems that GSH decreases in exposure to SA and is dependent on the consumption of GSH as a scavenger of free radicals or substrate of GPx (56,57). Whereas hepatic GSH rose in the RLEtreated groups in comparison with the SA-treated group; it is probable that polyphenols found in RLE could play a role similar to that of GSH (58).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ameliorative Effects of Red Lentil Extract on Sodium Arsenite-induced Oxidative Stress in Rats

Kalantari‬

Houshmand

Hasanvand

et al. 2017

Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Arsenic is a potent environmental toxic agent and leads to the development of various hazardous effects on human health. All human populations are exposed to arsenic and its compounds through occupational or environmental processes. Epidemiological studies also suggested that lentils through a numerous biological activities including antioxidant, anticancer, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition, as well as reducing blood lipid and the risk of cardiovascular diseases admit protection against chronic diseases. Objectives: The current study aimed at assessing the protective effect of the red lentil extract (RLE) on sodium arsenite (SA) induced oxidative stress in animals. Methods: Twenty-four Wistar male rats were divided into 4 groups. The first group (control group) received normal saline (2 mL/kg) per os for 25 days. Groups 2 -4 were treated with SA (10 mg/kg) per os for 10 days; and the groups 3 and 4 received 100 and 200 mg/kg of RLE per os for 15 days, respectively, after treatment with SA. Results: Results showed that total phenolic content in crude RLE was 50.6 mg catechin equivalent/g of dry weight. In SA treated groups, serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the liver increased. Whereas, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase and the content of sulfhydryl groups (SH-groups) significantly decreased in liver in the intervention group, compared with those of the control group (P < 0.05). Treatment with RLE reduced the serum level of AST, ALT, and ALP and the level of MDA in the liver, while the activity of the antioxidant enzymes and the level of SH-groups increased. Conclusions: It can be concluded that RLE restored the activity of antioxidant enzymes and serum markers in SA-treated rats, probably by scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress as an antioxidant.

show abstract

“…Em contrapartida aos parâmetros oxidativos, a GSH é considerada um antioxidante multifuncional, que está presente no plasma e nas hemácias e possui grande importância pelo fato de possuir papel central na biotransformação e eliminação de xenobióticos e na defesa das células contra o estresse oxidativo (Barbosa et al, 2010) deste marcador foram elevados no grupo E (50g/L) após o tratamento com a infusão de poejo, o que provavelmente pode ter ocorrido devido a uma elevação na atividade da enzima glutationa reduzida (GR), tendo em vista que esta é responsável pela conversão da glutationa oxidada (GSSG) em glutationa reduzida (Aquilano et al, 2014). Portanto, através dos testes realizados neste estudo verifica-se que a infusão de poejo na concentração 50g/L pode ser capaz de reverter a inibição da enzima AChE, bem como beneficiar a ação do sistema antioxidante dos agricultores expostos a pesticidas agrícolas.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Avaliação “in vitro” do efeito da infusão de Cunila microcephala Benth sobre a atividade da enzima acetilcolinesterase e biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo em eritrócitos de agricultores

Horn

Magni

Mori

et al. 2016

Rev. bras. plantas med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMO:Tivemos como objetivo avaliar o efeito da infusão de Cunila microcephala Benth sobre a atividade da enzima acetilcolinesterase (AChE) e marcadores de estresse oxidativo em eritrócitos de agricultores. Foram utilizadas amostras provenientes de 16 trabalhadores rurais expostos a pesticidas agrícolas pelo período mínimo de 5 anos e um grupo controle constituído de 16 indivíduos não expostos a agrotóxicos. As hemácias dos agricultores e o grupo A foram expostos "in vitro" à solução salina (NaCl 0,9%). Os demais grupos foram expostos à infusão de poejo nas concentrações de 0; 5; 10; 25 e 50 g/L (Grupos B; C; D e E, respectivamente). Em seguida, foram realizadas as determinações da atividade da AChE e dos níveis de substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS), proteínas carboniladas (PCs) e glutationa reduzida (GSH). Os resultados mostram que a infusão de poejo 50g/L, aumenta a atividade da enzima AChE e os níveis de GSH. Contudo, os níveis de TBARS e PCs diminuíram após o tratamento com a infusão de poejo 25 e 50 g/L. A infusão de poejo, na concentração de 50 g/L, é capaz de reverter, "in vitro" a inibição da atividade da AChE que ocorre pela exposição a pesticidas, e ainda demonstra um importante potencial antioxidante, tendo em vista que diminuiu danos lipídicos e proteicos e ainda, estimulou a produção do principal antioxidante não enzimático endógeno.Palavras-Chave: Pesticidas, Estresse Oxidativo, Poejo.ABSTRACT: Effect of the Cunila microcephala Benth infusion on the activity of Acetilcolinesterase enzyme and on the biomarkers of oxidative stress in farmers erythrocytes. Evaluating the effect of infusion Cunila microcephala Benth on acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) enzyme and on biomarkers of oxidative stress in farmers erythrocytes. We used samples from 16 rural workers exposed to pesticides for a minimum of five years, and a control group composed of 16 individuals not exposed to pesticides. The erythrocytes of farmers and from group A were exposed "in vitro" the saline solution (NaCl 0,9%). The other groups were exposed to the infusion of "poejo" at concentrations of 0; 5; 10; 25 and 50 g/L (Groups B, C, D and E, respectively). Then, it was realized the analitical determinations of AChE activity and TBARS, PCs and GSH levels. The results showed that "poejo" infusion 50g/L, increased the AChE activity and GSH levels. However, the TBARS e PCs levels decreased after the treatment with "poejo" infusion 25 e 50 g/L. The "poejo" infusion 50 g/L is able to revert "in vitro" the inhibition of AChE activity that occurs by exposure to pesticides and also demonstrates an important antioxidant potential, given that decreased lipid and protein damage and also it stimulated the production of the main non-enzymatic antioxidant endogenous.

show abstract

Glutathione: new roles in redox signaling for an old antioxidant

Cited by 684 publications

References 134 publications

Attenuation of Oxidative Stress in HEK 293 Cells by the TCM Constituents Schisanhenol, Baicalein, Resveratrol or Crocetin and Two Defined Mixtures

Attenuation of Oxidative Stress in HEK 293 Cells by the TCM Constituents Schisanhenol, Baicalein, Resveratrol or Crocetin and Two Defined Mixtures

Ameliorative Effects of Red Lentil Extract on Sodium Arsenite-induced Oxidative Stress in Rats

Avaliação “in vitro” do efeito da infusão de Cunila microcephala Benth sobre a atividade da enzima acetilcolinesterase e biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo em eritrócitos de agricultores

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About