Glutathione S-Transferase Omega-2 and Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Polymorphisms in Iranian Glaucoma Patients

Abstract

Background. To investigate the association of glutathione s-transferase omega 2 (GSTO2) (142N > D) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) (869T > C) gene polymorphisms on the pathogenesis of two common types of glaucoma (including primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG)) in the Iranian population. Methods. A total of 100 glaucoma patients (60% males and 40% females with an age mean ± SD of 34.66 ± 14.25 years; 56 cases of POAG and 44 cases of CACG) were enrolled in this study. GSTO2 (142N > D) and TGF-β1 (869T > C) polymorphisms were evaluated by PCR-based methods in patients and controls. Results. At locus GSTO2 (142N > D), the odds of ND genotype with respect to DD and NN genotypes were 1.55 and 2.08 times higher in POAG and CACG patients compared to those of patients in the control group (95% CI1: 0.80–2.98; 95% CI2: 1.00–4.33) which was statistically significant in CACG patients. However, the odds of DD and NN genotypes against the reference genotype in two patients group were not statistically significant as compared to those of patients in the control group. There was a significant association between the ND genotype and male patients (OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.06–4.92). The analysis of TGF-β1 (869T > C) polymorphisms showed no significant difference between the genotypes of TGF-β1 (869T > C) polymorphisms in patients and control groups; however, the CT genotype of TGF-β1 significantly differed between female controls and patients (OR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.18–0.96). Conclusion. The presented results revealed that there was a significant association between the ND genotype of GSTO2 and the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Furthermore, this genotype can be considered as a sex-dependent genetic risk factor for the development of glaucoma. In contrast, the CT genotype of TGF-β1 is suggested to be a protective genetic factor against the pathogenesis of glaucoma.

A single-cell transcriptome atlas of Lueyang black-bone chicken skin

“…Among them, GSTA2 is closely associated with diabetic nephropathy ( Han et al, 2023 ; Xue et al, 2023 ), whereas GSTA3 is primarily studied in tumors ( Ahmed et al, 2022 ). GSTO2 is primarily associated with ocular diseases ( Saadat et al, 2012 ; Bamdad et al, 2021 ). Currently, the relationship between these genes and melanin production remains unclear.…”

Genetic Associations of Primary Angle-Closure Disease

“…In these 98 studies, 4 linkage analysis, 3 mitochondrial sequencing, and 3 whole-exome sequencing studies were not eligible for meta-analysis as they did not provide analyzable data or replications. Among the 83 candidate gene studies, 19 were excluded because 4 of them contained gene variants without replication, [32][33][34][35] 12 did not provide analyzable genotype or allele data, 9,14,17,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] and 3 involved cohorts that had been reported before. [45][46][47] Primary angle-closure glaucoma GWASs were eligible for the meta-analysis.…”