Glutathione system in young spontaneously hypertensive rats

Lee, Siew-Keah; Sundaram, Arunkumar; Sirajudeen, K. N. S.; Singh, Harbindar Jeet Singh Gurcharan

doi:10.1007/s13105-010-0038-2

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Lee and colleagues recently found similar impairments in the glutathione system in SHR from the age of 8 weeks (32). However, we did not observe any significant difference in the basal levels of renal Cu/Zn-SOD between WKY and SHR.…”

contrasting

confidence: 68%

Chronic Exercise Preserves Renal Structure and Hemodynamics in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Agarwal

Elks²,

Reed³

et al. 2012

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

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contrasting

confidence: 68%

Chronic Exercise Preserves Renal Structure and Hemodynamics in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Agarwal

Elks²,

Reed³

et al. 2012

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

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“…In this regard, increased blood GPx activity has been reported in the sheep following melatonin implants [3]. GPx catalyses the detoxification of harmful peroxides, including hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), to water, and a lower renal GPx activity in SHR has been reported before [24]. It might be hypothesised that GPx deficiency or its decreased activity could lead to increased accumulation of peroxides like H 2 O 2 , which, after its conversion to hydroxyl radical, could inactivate the vasodilator, nitric oxide, through formation of peroxynitrite and impair endothelium-dependent relaxation [32,44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Effects of antenatal, postpartum and post-weaning melatonin supplementation on blood pressure and renal antioxidant enzyme activities in spontaneously hypertensive rats

et al. 2011

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Although melatonin lowers blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), its effect following antenatal and postpartum supplementation on the subsequent development of hypertension in SHR pups remains unknown. To investigate this, SHR dams were given melatonin in drinking water (10 mg/kg body weight/day) from day 1 of pregnancy until day 21 postpartum. After weaning, a group of male pups continued to receive melatonin till the age of 16 weeks (Mel-SHR), while no further melatonin was given to another group of male pups (Maternal-Mel-SHR). Controls received plain drinking water. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured at 4, 6, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of age, after which the kidneys were collected for analysis of antioxidant enzyme profiles. SBP was significantly lower till the age of 8 weeks in Maternal-Mel-SHR and Mel-SHR than that in the controls, after which no significant difference was evident in SBP between the controls and Maternal-Mel-SHR. SBP in Mel-SHR was lower than that in controls and Maternal-Mel-SHR at 12 and 16 weeks of age. Renal glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione s-transferase (GST) activities, levels of total glutathione and relative GPx-1 protein were significantly higher in Mel-SHR. GPx protein was however significantly higher in Mel-SHR. No significant differences were evident between the three groups in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase. In conclusion, it appears that while antenatal and postpartum melatonin supplementation decreases the rate of rise in blood pressure in SHR offspring, it however does not alter the tendency of offspring of SHR to develop hypertension.

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“…21 This is consistent with the finding that the activity of the glutathione peroxidase, which protects from oxidative damages, is significantly reduced in kidneys of SHR from the age of 8 week onwards. 22 Besides, obvious cardiac hypertrophy is developed around week 8, for example, together with an activation of the cardiac endothelin system. 23 The state of developing hypertension reflects the similar time period in which the first significant rise of cardiac TLR4 expression was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension augments cardiac Toll-like receptor 4 expression and activity

et al. 2011

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Hypertension causes cardiac hypertrophy characterized by low-grade inflammation. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), members of the innate immune system, contribute to cardiac failure. We hypothesized that hypertension is accompanied by enhanced TLR4 expression and activity. Cardiac TLR4 expression was determined in untreated spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY;4,8, 16 weeks). Besides, hearts of 8-week-old rats were stimulated with the endogenous TLR4 ligand heparansulfate (HS); the proinflammatory mRNA pattern was assessed (tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1). Additionally, we induced hypertension in WKY by L-NAME (N x -nitro-L-argininemethylester hydrochloride). In both hypertension models the effect of ramipril on TLR4 density was assessed. Cardiac TLR4 distribution was investigated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Blood pressure (BP) and heart weight/body weight ratio (HW/BW) were elevated in SHR. Constitutive TLR4 expression was augmented in adolescent and adult, but not young SHR compared with WKY. TLR4 staining was pronounced in cardiomyocytes. HS entailed an aggravated TNF-a and IL-6 mRNA response in cardiac tissue, which was significantly pronounced in SHR. Ramipril (10 mg kg À1 per day) reduced BP, HW/BW and TLR4 expression in SHR. L-NAME also augmented TLR4 expression in WKY. Ramipril (1 mg kg À1 per day) lowered BP but TLR4 expression remained unaffected. High-dose ramipril (10 mg kg À1 per day) however decreased TLR4 expression. Starting from adolescence SHR demonstrated enhanced cardiac TLR4 expression. TLR4 was also upregulated in L-NAME induced hypertension. Thus, enhanced TLR4 expression might be linked to the development and maintenance of hypertension. Finally, the antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory action of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition had no effect on TLR4 expression in therapeutic doses but in a high-dose model.

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Glutathione system in young spontaneously hypertensive rats

Cited by 28 publications

References 37 publications

Chronic Exercise Preserves Renal Structure and Hemodynamics in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Chronic Exercise Preserves Renal Structure and Hemodynamics in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Effects of antenatal, postpartum and post-weaning melatonin supplementation on blood pressure and renal antioxidant enzyme activities in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Hypertension augments cardiac Toll-like receptor 4 expression and activity

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