Glycaemic status and depressive symptoms among adults in Germany: results from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (<scp>DEGS</scp>1)

Weikert, Beate; Buttery, Amanda K.; Heidemann, Christin; Rieckmann, Nina; Paprott, Rebecca; Maske, Ulrike; Scheidt‐Nave, Christa; Busch, Markus

doi:10.1111/dme.13707

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Similar results have been described in other chronic diseases. In patients with diagnosis of diabetes, depressive symptoms have been reported to be elevated [26] and generic QoL was estimated as good [27]. Nevertheless, patients with diabetes stated that the disease itself has substantial impact on their QoL [27], a result that was not found in our cohort of patients with PKU.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Everyday Life, Dietary Practices, and Health Conditions of Adult PKU Patients: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study

Klimek

Baerwald

Schwarz³

et al. 2020

Ann Nutr Metab

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Background: Only few data on dietary management of adult phenylketonuria (PKU) patients are published. Objectives: This study aimed to assess living situation, dietary practices, and health conditions of early-treated adult PKU patients. Methods: A total of 183 early-treated PKU patients ≥18 years from 8 German metabolic centers received access to an online survey, containing 91 questions on sociodemographic data, dietary habits, and health conditions. Results: 144/183 patients (66% females) completed the questionnaire. Compared with German population, the proportion of single-person households was higher (22 vs. 47%), the rate of childbirth was lower (1.34 vs. 0.4%), but educational and professional status did not differ. 82% of the patients adhered to a low-protein diet, 45% consumed modified low-protein food almost daily, and 84% took amino acid mixtures regularly. 48% of the patients never interrupted diet, and 14% stopped diet permanently. 69% of the patients reported to feel better with diet, and 91% considered their quality of life at least as good. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was high (29%) and correlated significantly to phenylalanine blood concentrations (p = 0.046). However, depressive symptoms were only mild in the majority of patients. Conclusion: This group of early-treated adult German PKU patients is socially well integrated, reveals a surprisingly high adherence to diet and amino acid intake, and considers the restrictions of diet to their daily life as low.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Everyday Life, Dietary Practices, and Health Conditions of Adult PKU Patients: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study

Klimek

Baerwald

Schwarz³

et al. 2020

Ann Nutr Metab

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“…As previously reported, depressive symptoms were associated with diagnosed but not with undiagnosed T2D in our national health survey dataset. 33 Overall, >90% of the population in Germany see a doctor in office practice at least once a year. The present study showed that this does not apply to people with undiagnosed T2D who were significantly less likely to visit a doctor compared with people either with diagnosed T2D or with normoglycemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 32 Alcohol use was grouped into three categories none, moderate and risky drinking based on information obtained with food frequency questionnaires. 33 Obesity was defined based on BMI measures ≥30 kg/m 2 . 13 32 Hyperlipidemia was defined as total cholesterol ≥6.2 mmol/L or current use of lipid-lowering drugs (ATC code C10) in combination with a medical history of hyperlipidemia.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors associated with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in Germany: results from German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults 2008–2011

Baumert

Paprott

et al. 2020

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

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IntroductionTo identify characteristics of people with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) among adults in Germany.Research design and methodsThe study population comprised participants aged 40–79 years of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults 2008–2011. Glycemic status was categorized as undiagnosed T2D (glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥48 mmol/mol (6.5%), n=135), diagnosed T2D (n=518) and normoglycemia (HbA1c<48 mmol/mol (6.5%), n=4451). Multinomial logistic regression models including glycemic status as the outcome variable and sociodemographic characteristics, living alone, diabetes risk factors and healthcare services utilization as independent variables were used to identify factors associated with undiagnosed T2D compared with normoglycemia and diagnosed T2D. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are reported as measure of association between the outcome and independent variables.ResultsThe prevalence of undiagnosed T2D was 2.9% (95% CI 2.2% to 3.9%) at an overall prevalence of 12.3% (11.0% to 13.6%) of persons with undiagnosed or diagnosed T2D. In multivariable analyses, factors associated with undiagnosed as well as diagnosed T2D in comparison to normoglycemia were older age (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.06, per year, for undiagnosed T2D; OR 1.08, 1.07 to 1.10 for diagnosed T2D), male sex (3.33, 2.18 to 5.07; 1.91, 1.43 to 2.56), obesity (3.47, 2.17 to 5.56; 2.68, 2.04 to 3.52), hypertension (1.66, 1.09 to 2.53; 2.04, 1.42 to 2.95) and parental history of diabetes (2.04, 1.24 to 3.35; 3.16, 2.30 to 4.34). Variables independently associated with undiagnosed T2D but not diagnosed T2D included living alone (2.20; 1.36 to 3.56) and not seeing a doctor within the past year (2.57; 1.34 to 4.93). People with undiagnosed T2D were further younger and more likely to be male sex and reside in the western part of Germany than people with diagnosed T2D.ConclusionApart from major known risk factors of diabetes, characteristics specific to undiagnosed diabetes among adults in Germany will serve to inform the national education and communication strategy on diabetes mellitus in Germany.

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“…Two other cross-sectional studies have confirmed this [17,18]. The LifeLines Study, another large study in this area, analysed data from more than 90 000 individuals, including from a diagnostic interview and an assessment of fasting glucose.…”

Section: The Prevalence Of Depression In Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 92%

How 25 years of psychosocial research has contributed to a better understanding of the links between depression and diabetes

et al. 2020

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This narrative review of the literature provides a summary and discussion of 25 years of research into the complex links between depression and diabetes. Systematic reviews have shown that depression occurs more frequently in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes compared with people without diabetes. Currently, it remains unclear whether depression is also more common in people with impaired glucose metabolism or undiagnosed type 2 diabetes compared with people without diabetes. More prospective epidemiological research into the course of depression and an exploration of mechanisms in individuals with diabetes are needed. Depression in diabetes is associated with less optimal self‐care behaviours, suboptimal glycaemic control, impaired quality of life, incident micro‐ and macrovascular diseases, and elevated mortality rates. Randomized controlled trails concluded that depression in diabetes can be treated with antidepressant medication, cognitive–behavioural therapy (individual, group‐based or web‐based), mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy and stepped care. Although big strides forward have been made in the past 25 years, scientific evidence about depression in diabetes remains incomplete. Future studies should investigate mechanisms that link both conditions and test new diabetes‐specific web‐ or app‐based interventions for depression in diabetes. It is important to determine whether treatment or prevention of depression prevents future diabetes complications and lowers mortality rates.

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Glycaemic status and depressive symptoms among adults in Germany: results from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS1)

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

Everyday Life, Dietary Practices, and Health Conditions of Adult PKU Patients: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study

Everyday Life, Dietary Practices, and Health Conditions of Adult PKU Patients: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study

Factors associated with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes in Germany: results from German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults 2008–2011

How 25 years of psychosocial research has contributed to a better understanding of the links between depression and diabetes

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