Glycemia and insulinemia in healthy subjects after lactose-equivalent meals of milk and other food proteins: the role of plasma amino acids and incretins

Nilsson, Mikael; Stenberg, Marianne; Frid, Anders; Holst, Jens J.; Björck, Inger

doi:10.1093/ajcn/80.5.1246

Cited by 393 publications

(386 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Both whey and casein appear to increase insulin secretion, however, to different extents (73) . This may be due to their effect on gastric emptying, absorption and kinetics, since the insulin responses seemed to correlate with the increase in plasma AA concentration after protein ingestion (74) .…”

Section: Glycaemic Controlmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Milk proteins have been extensively investigated for their insulinotropic and glucose-lowering effects in healthy subjects (73,75,82,83,(90)(91)(92)(93)(94)(95)(96)(97)(98)(99) and to a limited extent in individuals with suboptimal glucose control (100)(101)(102)(103)(104)(105)(106) . The dose varied significantly between studies from as little as 10 g (92,105,106) -51 g (91) .…”

Section: Short-term Studies On Glycaemic Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can milk proteins be a useful tool in the management of cardiometabolic health? An updated review of human intervention trials

2016

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The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases is a significant public health burden worldwide. Emerging evidence supports the inverse association between greater dairy consumption and reduced risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Dairy proteins may have an important role in the favourable impact of dairy on human health such as blood pressure (BP), blood lipid and glucose control. The purpose of this review is to update and critically evaluate the evidence on the impacts of casein and whey protein in relation to metabolic function. Evidence from short-term clinical studies assessing postprandial responses to milk protein ingestion suggests benefits on vascular function independent of BP, as well as improvement in glycaemic homeostasis. Long-term interventions have been less conclusive, with some showing benefits and others indicating a lack of improvement in vascular function. During chronic consumption BP appears to be lowered and both dyslipidaemia and hyperglacaemia seem to be controlled. Limited number of trials investigated the effects of dairy proteins on oxidative stress and inflammation. Although the underlying mechanisms of milk proteins on cardiometabolic homeostasis remains to be elucidated, the most likely mechanism is to improve insulin resistance. The incorporation of meals enriched with dairy protein in the habitual diet may result in the beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health. Nevertheless, future well-designed, controlled studies are needed to investigate the relative effects of both casein and whey protein on BP, vascular function, glucose homeostasis and inflammation.

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Section: Glycaemic Controlmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Short-term Studies On Glycaemic Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can milk proteins be a useful tool in the management of cardiometabolic health? An updated review of human intervention trials

2016

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“…The negative influences of dietary proteins on the Keap1a mRNA levels in the PI and MI (not in the DI) may be partly explained by the pantothenic acid of fish. It was reported that increasing protein intake could increase the serum insulin concentrations in humans [12] and insulin could increase pantothenic acid uptake in rat hearts [102]. Pantothenic acid is mainly absorbed in the front part of the fish intestine [103].…”

Section: General Summary: Optimal Dietary Protein Level Improve the Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, no reports at present have investigated the role of dietary proteins on the intestinal immune barriers and its possible mechanisms in fish. In humans, dietary protein supplementation could increase serum insulin concentrations [12]. Ehlers et al [13] found that increasing plasma insulin levels decreased NFkB activity in human mononuclear cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal dietary protein level improved growth, disease resistance, intestinal immune and physical barrier function of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Jiang

et al. 2016

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

123

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“…Based on means, SD , and anticipated effect sizes from previous studies, sample sizes were determined for group differences in glucose responses to dietary (primarily dairy) interventions (Gannon, Nuttall, Lane, & Burmeister, 1992; Liljeberg Elmstahl & Bjorck, 2001; Nilsson, Stenberg, Frid, Holst, & Bjorck, 2004; Ostman et al., 2001; von Post‐Skagegard et al., 2006). The power calculation for femoral blood flow and vascular conductance was performed on our previous published work because there are no published group data for these variables (Anton et al., 2006b; Dinenno, Tanaka, Stauffer, & Seals, 2001; Dinenno et al., 2001).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonfat milk attenuates acute hyperglycemia in individuals with android obesity: A randomized control trial

Leary

Roy

Lim

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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BackgroundElevated android body fat increases the risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases. Postprandial hyperglycemia contributes to the proatherogenic metabolic state evident in android adiposity. Due to the insulinotropic effect of milk‐derived proteins, postprandial hyperglycemia has been shown to be reduced with the addition of dairy products. The purpose of this study was to determine whether one serving of nonfat milk added to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) could attenuate postprandial hyperglycemia in individuals with elevated android adiposity and whether these improvements would be associated with metabolic and/or peripheral hemodynamic effects.MethodsIn this placebo‐controlled, randomized, crossover experimental study, 29 overweight/obese adults (26 ± 1 year) consumed an OGTT beverage (75 g glucose) combined with either nonfat milk (227 g) or a placebo control (12 g lactose + 8 g protein + 207 g water) that was matched for both carbohydrate and protein quantities.ResultsIn the whole sample, blood glucose and insulin concentrations increased over time in both trials with no significant differences between trials. Relative increases in peak blood glucose response were significantly related to android body fat (p < 0.05). The subjects in the highest tertiles of android body fat displayed attenuated hyperglycemic responses as well as improvements in flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) after milk intake.ConclusionsA single serving of nonfat milk may attenuate acute hyperglycemia in individuals with elevated android body fat offering a simple and convenient option for managing elevations in blood glucose.

show abstract

Glycemia and insulinemia in healthy subjects after lactose-equivalent meals of milk and other food proteins: the role of plasma amino acids and incretins

Cited by 393 publications

References 39 publications

Can milk proteins be a useful tool in the management of cardiometabolic health? An updated review of human intervention trials

Can milk proteins be a useful tool in the management of cardiometabolic health? An updated review of human intervention trials

Optimal dietary protein level improved growth, disease resistance, intestinal immune and physical barrier function of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Nonfat milk attenuates acute hyperglycemia in individuals with android obesity: A randomized control trial

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