Glycemic and Insulinemic Responses of Healthy Humans to a Nutrition Bar with or without Added Fibersym® RW, a Cross-Linked Phosphorylated RS4-Type Resistant Wheat Starch

Abstract

The current study compared postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses to four nutrition bars containing two different doses of resistant starch type-4. Normoglycemic adults (n = 17) completed six treatments, consuming either 50 g or 30 g digestible carbohydrate as: dextrose beverages (DEX), control puffed wheat bars (PWB), or RS4 test bars (RS4). Glucose (mg/dL) and insulin (µIU/mL) were measured at baseline and 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. There was a main effect of dose and treatment on glucose incremental area under the curve (iAUC, ps < 0.001), such that RS4 (50 g: 941, 95% confidence interval (CI): 501, 1519; 30 g: 481, 95% CI: 186, 914) was lower than PWB (50 g: 1746, 95% CI: 1109, 2528; 30 g: 693, 95% CI: 331, 1188) and DEX (50 g: 1940, 95% CI: 1249, 2783; 30 g:1432, 95% CI: 883, 2114). There was a main effect of dose and treatment on insulin iAUC (ps < 0.001), such that RS4 (50 g: 1993, 95% CI: 1347, 2764; 30 g: 943, 95% CI: 519, 1493) was lower than PWB (50 g: 3501, 95% CI: 2625, 4502; 30 g: 1789, 95% CI: 1193, 256) and DEX (50 g: 3143, 95% CI: 2317, 4095; 30 g: 2184, 95% CI: 1519, 2970). Results demonstrate significantly lower glycemic and insulinemic responses following consumption of nutrition bars containing RS4, regardless of dose, when compared with puffed wheat bars and dextrose.

The impact of slowly digestible and resistant starch on glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance

“…A reduction in glycemic responses has been shown with acute consumption of amylose-rich products, the amount of which correlates with the amount of RS [ 21 , 22 ]. Also, two studies on acute of 17.9–29.7 g RS4 consumption have also shown a reduction in postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses [ 23 , 24 ], regardless of the dose of RS4 [ 24 ]. For all these last studies the amount of CHO between tested- and control product was matched [ 21 – 24 ].…”

“…Also, two studies on acute of 17.9–29.7 g RS4 consumption have also shown a reduction in postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses [ 23 , 24 ], regardless of the dose of RS4 [ 24 ]. For all these last studies the amount of CHO between tested- and control product was matched [ 21 – 24 ]. More widely, a review summarized the acute effect of dietary fibers in healthy individuals including 41 studies: 6 ones investigated the single intake of RS in addition of available CHO.…”

The Effect of Modified Banana Flour and Soy Flour Ratio on The Organoleptic Parameters of Snack Bar as Supplementary Food in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

“…Pangan dengan IG rendah, kadar serat, dan protein tinggi dapat meningkatkan sensitivitas insulin/merangsang sekresi insulin sehingga dapat mengontrol kadar gula dalam darah (Manullang et al, 2020). Diet pangan dengan IG rendah relevan dengan manajemen dan pencegahan diabetes (Steele et al, 2022). Berdasarkan analisis sistematik dan studi meta-analisis, konsumsi serat sebanyak 15-35 gram/hari mampu meningkatkan ukuran kontrol glikemik, misalnya kadar hemoglobin yang terasosiasi dengan glukosa (HbA1c), kadar glukosa puasa dalam plasma (fasting plasma glucose, FPG), insulin, dan model asesmen untuk resistensi insulin (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, HOMA-IR) (Reynolds et al, 2020).…”

A type 4 resistant potato starch alters the cecal microbiome and gene expression in mice fed a western diet based on NHANES data

“…There have been multiple studies in both humans and rodents exploring how different RS4 affect postprandial glucose metabolism. [29][30][31][32][33] Studies with VF, a type 4 phosphorylated and crosslinked potato starch, have provided conflicting results with some studies showing a positive effect and others no effect on postprandial glucose metabolism. [34][35][36] Fewer studies exploring the effects of RS4 consumption on the microbiome have been undertaken.…”