Glycerol‐Monolaurate‐Mediated Attenuation of Metabolic Syndrome is Associated with the Modulation of Gut Microbiota in High‐Fat‐Diet‐Fed Mice

Abstract

Scope: The gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome. Glycerol monolaurate (GML), a widely consumed food emulsifier, is reported to promote metabolic disorder and gut microbiota dysbiosis in low-dose supplementation upon low-fat-diet feeding. However, little is known about whether GML produce the same effects in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Methods and results: C57BL/6 mice are fed a HFD with or without GML supplementation (150, 300, and 450 mg kg −1 ) for 10 weeks. The results demonstrated that higher GML treatment (450 mg kg −1 ) ameliorates HFD-induced metabolic disorders, supported by prevented visceral fat deposition, improved hyperlipidemia, modulated hepatic lipid metabolism, and reduced serum proinflammatory cytokine, TNF-α. Additionally, all doses of GML attenuated circulating lipopolysaccharide load and insulin resistance. Notably, GML ameliorates HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, with increases in Bacteroides uniformis, Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus and decreases in Escherichia coli, Lactococcus, and Flexispira. Spearman's correlation analysis indicates that these enriched specific genera are significantly associated with the metabolic improvements of GML. Conclusion: The findings identify the links between gut microbiota and GML-induced metabolic improvements, suggesting that the attenuation of HFD-induced metabolic disorders by higher GML supplementation may occur through targeting gut microbiota.

Protective effects of selenium-enriched peptides from Cardamine violifolia against high-fat diet induced obesity and its associated metabolic disorders in mice

“…3 However, controversially, some studies have also indicated that the prevention of obesity was not associated with the change in the F/B ratio. 34,35 Despite no signicant difference at the phylum level, a series of specic species at the genus level positively correlated with obesity and obesity-related physiological parameters were found. Unclassied_f__Lachnospiraceae and Allobaculum were enriched in the HFD-fed groups, whereas Blautia and Bidobacterium were markedly decreased.…”

“…37 Some studies have also proved that an increase in Lactobacillus could reduce intestinal endotoxin, alleviate metabolic syndrome, and suppress obesity-related inammation. 35,38 Therefore, the relatively better effects of CSPH on metabolic disorders might be through the synergism of Blautia and Lactobacillus. In line with the change in the gut microbiota composition, CSP supplementation also exhibited a better intestinal integrity than the HFD groups, and signicantly increased the expression of epithelial tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin to protect the intestinal permeability.…”

Glycerol Monolaurate Enhances Reproductive Performance, Egg Quality and Albumen Amino Acids Composition in Aged Hens with Gut Microbiota Alternation

“…GML had the strongest antimicrobial capacity among the medium chain 1-monoglycerides (MGs) and possess a broad antibacterial spectrum, especially in suppressing the growth of gram-positive bacteria in vitro [11]. Dietary GML in the diet of mice significantly altered the composition, microbial metabolite and function of gut microbiota, which consequently affected the animal performance and nutrients utilization [41,42]. The present study revealed that the gut microbiota composition and function were altered by GML supplementation, but their relationship with laying performance and feed efficiency required further study.…”

Effect of banana pulp dietary fibers on metabolic syndrome and gut microbiota diversity in high‐fat diet mice

“…Gut microbiota (GM) play an important role in the metabolic cycle, immune response regulation (Tian et al, 2019), gut barrier function (Gao et al, 2018), obesity (Zhao et al, 2019), and MetS, via influencing effector molecules such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), LPS, etc. Some probiotic from intestinal microorganism, such as Bifidobacterium (Shakib, Shahraki, Razavi, & Hosseinzadeh, 2019), Alloprevotella, and Lactobacillus, have closely related with the moderation of MetS.…”