Glycerol steam reforming for hydrogen and synthesis gas production

Tamošiūnas, Andrius; Valatkevičius, Pranas; Gimžauskaitė, Dovilė; Valincius, Vitas; Jeguirim, Mejdi

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.12.071

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Ideally, water can be split with help of renewable energies to produce hydrogen, generating a very low environmental impact [3][4][5]. However, diverse studies affirm that a transition period will be need before this ideal situation become profitable, using a wide variety of raw materials for both centralized and distributed hydrogen production systems [6][7][8][9][10]. In this context, new routes from waste materials are being widely studied in the last years, considering both solid matter such as biomass [11], plastics [11], tea [12] or industrial municipal wastes [13] and liquids, in example olive mill wastewater [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interlayer Properties of In-Situ Oxidized Porous Stainless Steel for Preparation of Composite Pd Membranes

Furones

Alique

2017

ChemEngineering

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Abstract:Hydrogen is considered as a real alternative for improving the current energy scenario in the near future and separation processes are a crucial step for the economy of the process in both centralized and distributed production systems. In this context, Pd-based composite membranes appear as an attractive technology trying to reduce the Pd thickness by modifying the commercial supports, mainly formed by metals to fit properly in conventional industrial devices. In most cases, a final calcination step is required and hence, the metallic support can be oxidized. This work analyzes in detail the properties of intermediate layers generated by in-situ oxidation of tubular PSS supports as a crucial step for the preparation of Pd/PSS membranes. The oxidation temperature determines the modification of original morphology and permeability by increasing the presence of mixed iron-chromium oxides as temperature rises. A compromise solution need to be adopted in order to reduce the average pore mouth size and the external roughness, while maintaining a high permeation capacity. Temperature of 600 • C lets to reduce the average pore size from 3.5 to 2.1 µm or from 4.5 to 2.3 µm in case of using PSS supports with 0.1 or 0.2 µm porous media grades, respectively but maintaining a hydrogen permeation beyond targets of United States of America Department of Energy (US DOE). Lower temperatures provoke an insufficient surface modification, while greater values derive in a drastic reduction of permeability. In these conditions, two composite membranes were prepared by ELP-PP, obtaining 14.7 and 18.0 µm thick palladium layers in case of modifying PSS tubes of 0.1 or 0.2 µm media grades, respectively. In both cases, the composite Pd membranes exhibited a hydrogen perm-selectivity greater than 2000 with permeances ranged from 2.83 to 5.84·10 −4 mol m −2 s −1 Pa −0.5 and activation energies of around 13-14 kJ mol −1 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interlayer Properties of In-Situ Oxidized Porous Stainless Steel for Preparation of Composite Pd Membranes

Furones

Alique

2017

ChemEngineering

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“…Strong attempts of commercialization of biofuels, as well as the development of compatible engines have evolved to advanced levels. Various feedstocks, such as lignocellulosic biomass (forestry residues, agricultural residues and energy crops), wastes (municipal solid waste, sewage sludge, refuse-derived fuels, animal manure, and industrial wastes), and algae, have been tested as sources in pyrolysis, gasification, liquefaction and anaerobic digestion (fermentation) to produce biofuels (biodiesel, bio-oil, bioethanol, biogas, hydrogen and/or syngas) [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both may consist of triglycerides, which are derived from glycerol and the chains of three fatty acids bounded to glycerol by the carbonyl group [6]. steam reforming vegetable oil for a maximum H 2 yield and a low selectivity of CH 4 were found to be 875-925 K and a steam-to-carbon ratio of 5-6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gasification of Waste Cooking Oil to Syngas by Thermal Arc Plasma

et al. 2019

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The depletion and usage of fossil fuels causes environmental issues and alternative fuels and technologies are urgently required. Therefore, thermal arc water vapor plasma for a fast and robust waste/biomass treatment is an alternative to the syngas method. Waste cooking oil (WCO) can be used as an alternative potential feedstock for syngas production. The goal of this experimental study was to conduct experiments gasifying waste cooking oil to syngas. The WCO was characterized in order to examine its properties and composition in the conversion process. The WCO gasification system was quantified in terms of the produced gas concentration, the H2/CO ratio, the lower heating value (LHV), the carbon conversion efficiency (CCE), the energy conversion efficiency (ECE), the specific energy requirements (SER), and the tar content in the syngas. The best gasification process efficiency was obtained at the gasifying agent-to-feedstock (S/WCO) ratio of 2.33. At this ratio, the highest concentration of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the H2/CO ratio, the LHV, the CCE, the ECE, the SER, and the tar content were 47.9%, 22.42%, 2.14, 12.7 MJ/Nm3, 41.3% 85.42%, 196.2 kJ/mol (or 1.8 kWh/kg), and 0.18 g/Nm3, respectively. As a general conclusion, it can be stated that the thermal arc-plasma method used in this study can be effectively used for waste cooking oil gasification to high quality syngas with a rather low content of tars.

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“…Unfortunately, it is not freely available in nature and it must be produced by some means, due to this reason, hydrogen cannot be considered an energy source. Currently, the majority of world H2 production is derived from fossil fuel-based conventional technologies [4][5][6]. These technologies generate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, concretely they have an emission factor of CO2 of 232,600 Kg/TJ [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalysts based on Co-Birnessite and Co-Todorokite for the efficient production of hydrogen by ethanol steam reforming

Costa-Serra

Chica

2018

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Two structured manganese oxides (Birnessite and Todorokite) containing Co have been studied in the steam reforming of ethanol. It has been found that both materials are active in the hydrogen production, exhibiting high values of conversion of ethanol and selectivities to hydrogen (100% and 70%, respectively). The best results have been obtained with the catalyst based on Todorokite material. Characterization by DRX, BET area, TPR and TEM has allowed to find that the excellent performance exhibited by this material could be attributed to the lower size of the Co metallic particles present in this sample (6 nm vs 12 nm in Birnessite). This lower size could be related to the especial microporous structure of Todorokite precursor, which would provide high-quality positions for the stabilization of the Co metal particles during calcination and reduction steps. Catalytic deactivation has also been considered. Deactivation was found higher for Todorokite-based catalyst, which presented the largest amount of deposited carbon (26.2 wt.% for Co-TOD vs 10.6 wt.% for Co-BIR). On the other hand, the degree of metal sintering was found similar in both catalysts. Therefore, the deactivation of the catalysts has been attributed primarily to the deposition of coke. The results presented here show that it is possible to prepare new catalysts based on manganese oxides with Birnessite and Todorokite structure and promoted with Co with high catalytic performance in the steam reforming of ethanol.

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Glycerol steam reforming for hydrogen and synthesis gas production

Cited by 33 publications

References 32 publications

Interlayer Properties of In-Situ Oxidized Porous Stainless Steel for Preparation of Composite Pd Membranes

Interlayer Properties of In-Situ Oxidized Porous Stainless Steel for Preparation of Composite Pd Membranes

Gasification of Waste Cooking Oil to Syngas by Thermal Arc Plasma

Catalysts based on Co-Birnessite and Co-Todorokite for the efficient production of hydrogen by ethanol steam reforming

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