Glycine Stimulates Protein Synthesis and Inhibits Oxidative Stress in Pig Small Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Wang, Weiwei; Wu, Zhenlong; Lin, Gang; Hu, Shengdi; Wang, Bin; Dai, Zhaolai; Wu, Guoyao

doi:10.3945/jn.114.194001

Cited by 134 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 62 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The general procedures for western blot analysis were performed as described by Wang et al (2014b). Briefly, a fraction of the frozen jejunum (40 mg) was weighed and homogenized in liquid nitrogen.…”

Section: Western Blot Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary l-leucine supplementation enhances intestinal development in suckling piglets

Sun

et al. 2015

Amino Acids

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

L-Leucine is a signaling amino acid in animal metabolism. It is unknown whether supplementing L-leucine to breast-fed neonates may enhance their small-intestinal development. This hypothesis was tested with a piglet model. Seven-day-old sow-reared pigs with an average birth weight of 1.45 kg were assigned randomly to the control or leucine group (n = 30/group). Piglets in the leucine group were orally administrated with 1.4 g L-leucine/kg body weight, whereas piglets in the control group received isonitrogenous L-alanine, twice daily for 14 days. The supplemental L-leucine amounted to 200 % of L-leucine intake from sow's milk by 7-day-old pigs. At the end of the 2-week experiment, tissue samples were collected for determining intestinal morphology, expression of genes for intestinal leucine transporters (real-time RT-PCR and western blot analysis), and plasma metabolites and hormones. L-leucine administration increased (P < 0.05) villus height in the duodenum, an elevated ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the duodenum and ileum, plasma concentrations of leucine, glutamine and asparagine, as well as body-weight gains. mRNA levels for L-leucine transporters (SLC6A14, SLC6A19 and SLC7A9) and the abundance of the ATB(0,+) protein were increased (P < 0.05) but those for SLC7A7 mRNA and the LAT2 protein were decreased (P < 0.05) in the jejunum of leucine-supplemented piglets, compared with the control. Plasma concentrations of ammonia, urea, triglycerides, and growth-related hormones did not differ between the control and leucine groups. Collectively, these results indicate that L-leucine supplementation improves intestinal development and whole-body growth in suckling piglets with a normal birth weight.

show abstract

Section: Western Blot Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary l-leucine supplementation enhances intestinal development in suckling piglets

Sun

et al. 2015

Amino Acids

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…24 More recently, glycine has been reported to stimulate intestinal expression of glycine transporter 1, while reducing activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. 25 …”

Section: Regulation Of Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary essentiality of “nutritionally non-essential amino acids” for animals and humans

Hou

Yin

2015

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

Self Cite

240

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Based on growth or nitrogen balance, amino acids (AA) had traditionally been classified as nutritionally essential (indispensable) or non-essential (dispensable) for animals and humans. Nutritionally essential AA (EAA) are defined as either those AA whose carbon skeletons cannot be synthesized de novo in animal cells or those that normally are insufficiently synthesized de novo by the animal organism relative to its needs for maintenance, growth, development, and health and which must be provided in the diet to meet requirements. In contrast, nutritionally non-essential AA (NEAA) are those AA which can be synthesized de novo in adequate amounts by the animal organism to meet requirements for maintenance, growth, development, and health and, therefore, need not be provided in the diet. Although EAA and NEAA had been described for over a century, there are no compelling data to substantiate the assumption that NEAA are synthesized sufficiently in animals and humans to meet the needs for maximal growth and optimal health. NEAA play important roles in regulating gene expression, cell signaling pathways, digestion and absorption of dietary nutrients, DNA and protein synthesis, proteolysis, metabolism of glucose and lipids, endocrine status, men and women fertility, acid-base balance, antioxidative responses, detoxification of xenobiotics and endogenous metabolites, neurotransmission, and immunity. Emerging evidence indicates dietary essentiality of ''nutritionally non-essential amino acids'' for animals and humans to achieve their full genetic potential for growth, development, reproduction, lactation, and resistance to metabolic and infectious diseases. This concept represents a new paradigm shift in protein nutrition to guide the feeding of mammals (including livestock), poultry, and fish.

show abstract

“…Finally, gestating swine requires not only proteinogenic amino acids that cannot be synthesized in animal cells but also proteinogenic and possibly non-proteinogenic amino acids that can be synthesized in the body to support their maximum reproductive performance (Wang W.W. et al, 2013;Wu, 2014). These synthesizable, functional amino acids include L-arginine, L-glutamine, L-proline, and glycine (Wang W.W. et al, 2014;Wu, 2013) to improve anti-oxidative capacity, immunity, health, well-being, and tissue protein synthesis in gestating mammals (e.g. pigs).…”

Section: Summary and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Within-litter variation in birth weight: impact of nutritional status in the sow

Yuan

Zhu

Shi

et al. 2015

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Accompanying the beneficial improvement in litter size from genetic selection for high-prolificacy sows, within-litter variation in birth weight has increased with detrimental effects on post-natal growth and survival due to an increase in the proportion of piglets with low birth-weight. Causes of within-litter variation in birth weight include breed characteristics that affect uterine space, ovulation rate, degree of maturation of oocytes, duration of time required for ovulation, interval between ovulation and fertilization, uterine capacity for implantation and placentation, size and efficiency of placental transport of nutrients, communication between conceptus/fetus and maternal systems, as well as nutritional status and environmental influences during gestation. Because these factors contribute to within-litter variation in birth weight, nutritional status of the sow to improve fetal-placental development must focus on the following three important stages in the reproductive cycle: pre-mating or weaning to estrus, early gestation and late gestation. The goal is to increase the homogeneity of development of oocytes and conceptuses, decrease variations in conceptus development during implantation and placentation, and improve birth weights of newborn piglets. Though some progress has been made in nutritional regulation of within-litter variation in the birth weight of piglets, additional studies, with a focus on and insights into molecular mechanisms of reproductive physiology from the aspects of maternal growth and offspring development, as well as their regulation by nutrients provided to the sow, are urgently needed.

show abstract

Glycine Stimulates Protein Synthesis and Inhibits Oxidative Stress in Pig Small Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Cited by 134 publications

References 62 publications

Dietary l-leucine supplementation enhances intestinal development in suckling piglets

Dietary l-leucine supplementation enhances intestinal development in suckling piglets

Dietary essentiality of “nutritionally non-essential amino acids” for animals and humans

Within-litter variation in birth weight: impact of nutritional status in the sow

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About