Glycine transporter 1 expression in the ventral respiratory group is restricted to protoplasmic astrocytes

Szöke, K.; Härtel, Kai; Grass, Dennis; Hirrlinger, Petra G.; Hirrlinger, Johannes; Hülsmann, Swen

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.08.089

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…When interpreting the mRNA data, however, one must be aware that the FACS-sorted EGFP-positive cells from the hippocampus might include some neural precursors, e.g., from the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus, which are also EGFP positive (Hüttmann et al 2003 ). Additionally, the EGFP-labeled cells population also includes a subpopulation of NG2-positive cells (oligodendrocyte precursor cells) that also were shown to be EGFP-positive in the hippocampus (Matthias et al 2003 ; Jabs et al 2005 ) as well as in the brainstem (Grass et al 2004 ; Szöke et al 2006 ). For our aim, the identification of the SR101 transporter, however, contamination with non-astrocyte cell populations was not critical, since we confirmed these results with pharmacological experiments and by using the Slco1c1 knockout mouse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The multispecific thyroid hormone transporter OATP1C1 mediates cell-specific sulforhodamine 101-labeling of hippocampal astrocytes

et al. 2013

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Sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) is widely used for astrocyte identification, though the labeling mechanism remains unknown and the efficacy of labeling in different brain regions is heterogeneous. By combining region-specific isolation of astrocytes followed by transcriptome analysis, two-photon excitation microscopy, and mouse genetics, we identified the thyroid hormone transporter OATP1C1 as the SR101-uptake transporter in hippocampus and cortex.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00429-013-0645-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The multispecific thyroid hormone transporter OATP1C1 mediates cell-specific sulforhodamine 101-labeling of hippocampal astrocytes

et al. 2013

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“…To visualize brain glial cells, we took advantage of transgenic mice with fluorescently labeled astrocytes (Nolte et al 2001). These mice were already used in many studies where they showed no apparent differences to wildtype mice on cellular and physiological levels, and are well characterized (Grass et al 2004;Hirrlinger et al 2004;Szöke et al 2006). In the hippocampus, only bright fluorescent cells were used for imaging (Matthias et al 2003;Wallraff et al 2004;Jabs et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmotic swelling characteristics of glial cells in the murine hippocampus, cerebellum, and retina in situ

Hirrlinger

Wurm

Hirrlinger³

et al. 2008

Journal of Neurochemistry

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Glial cells are proposed to play a major role in the ionic and osmotic homeostasis in the CNS. Swelling of glial cells contributes to the development of edema in neural tissue under pathological conditions such as trauma and ischemia. In this study, we compared the osmotic swelling characteristics of murine hippocampal astrocytes, cerebellar Bergmann glial cells, and retinal Müller glial cells in acutely isolated tissue slices in response to hypoosmotic stress and pharmacological blockade of Kir channels. Hypoosmotic challenge induced an immediate swelling of somata in the majority of Bergmann glial cells and hippocampal astrocytes investigated, whereas Müller cell bodies displayed a substantial delay in the onset of swelling and hippocampal astroglial processes remained unaffected. Blockade of Kir channels under isoosmotic conditions had no swelling‐inducing effect in Müller cell somata but caused a swelling in brain astrocytic somata and processes. Blockade of Kir channels under hypoosmotic conditions induced an immediate and strong swelling in Müller cell somata, but had no cumulative effect to brain astroglial somata. No regulatory volume decrease could be observed in all cell types. The data suggest that Kir channels are differently implicated in cell volume homeostasis of retinal Müller cells and brain astrocytes and that Müller cells and brain astrocytes differ in their osmotic swelling properties.

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“…In the respiratory network, astrocytes express ionotropic receptors for glutamate (Grass et al, 2004) and glycine (Szoke et al, 2006). Communication among astrocytes, in contrast, is dependant on intracellular calcium waves (Halassa et al, 2007a;Scemes and Giaume, 2006), which in some neural networks are known to be initiated by neuromodulators (Duffy and MacVicar, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…For example, the glycine transporter subtype 1 (GlyT1) in astroglial cells clears glycine from the extracellular space. In the neonatal mouse respiratory network, deficiencies of GlyT1 result in severe respiratory deficits and death during the first postnatal day (Gomeza et al, 2003;Szoke et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astrocytic calcium signals induced by neuromodulators via functional metabotropic receptors in the ventral respiratory group of neonatal mice

Härtel

Schnell

Hülsmann

2008

Glia

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A controlled, periodic exchange of air between lungs and atmosphere requires a neuronal rhythm generated by a network of neurons in the ventral respiratory group (VRG) of the brainstem. Glial cells, e.g. astrocytes, have been shown to be supportive in stabilizing this neuronal activity in the central nervous system during development. In addition, a variety of neuromodulators including serotonin (5-HT), Substance P (SP), and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulate respiratory neurons directly. If astrocytes in the VRG, like their neuronal neighbors, are also directly stimulated by neuromodulators, they might indirectly affect the respiratory neurons and consequently the respiratory rhythm. In the present study, we provide support for this concept by demonstrating expression of NK1-R, TRH-R, and 5-HT(2)-R in astrocytes of the VRG with immunohistochemistry. Additionally, we showed that the external application of the neuromodulators 5-HT, SP, and TRH activate calcium transients in VRG astrocytes. Consequently, we postulate that in the VRG of the neonatal mouse, neuromodulation by SP, TRH, and serotonin also involves astrocytic calcium signaling.

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Glycine transporter 1 expression in the ventral respiratory group is restricted to protoplasmic astrocytes

Cited by 24 publications

References 37 publications

The multispecific thyroid hormone transporter OATP1C1 mediates cell-specific sulforhodamine 101-labeling of hippocampal astrocytes

The multispecific thyroid hormone transporter OATP1C1 mediates cell-specific sulforhodamine 101-labeling of hippocampal astrocytes

Osmotic swelling characteristics of glial cells in the murine hippocampus, cerebellum, and retina in situ

Astrocytic calcium signals induced by neuromodulators via functional metabotropic receptors in the ventral respiratory group of neonatal mice

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