Glycogen Deposition in Fetal Mouse Tissues and the Effect of Dexamethasone

Tye, L.; Burton, A.F.

doi:10.1159/000241375

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This is in agreement with previous observations in fetal mice (23) showing that, administration of dexamethasone does not change the renal glycogen concentration. It can be assumed that glycogen deposition in fetal kidney is not controlled by corticosteroids.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 94%

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Renal Glycogen Content and Hormonal Control of Enzymes Involved in Renal Glycogen Metabolism

et al. 1983

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Fetal rat kidney showed g l y c y deposition that reached a maximal value of 60 pg *mg prot on day I8 and declined thereafter. At birth glycogen concentration is reduced (20 ~m m g prot-') but higher than adult one (cortex, 2.2 p g a m g prot-a d medulla, 3.4 p g * m g prot-I). From day 17 to the birtb, gtycogen synthetase and phospborylase activities increased slowly except for acid glucosidase activity which inereased rapidly between day 18 to the birth (3-fold). Corticosterokl deprivation had no effect upon glycogen content but fetal decapitation on day 16 reduced glycogen content in kidney of 19day-old fetuses.In the adult kidney, the concentration of glycogen, which is mainly localized in collecting ducts (18,20) is extremely low compared with other organs such as liver, heart of muscle. Glywgen turnover rate is more rapid in the medulla than in the cortex (18). It has been observed in several species (2, 15,25) that the glycogen concentration in kidneys of newborn animaln is relatively high and as far as we know, no data are available in the fetus. In the rat, Dicker and Shirley (8) have made a correlation between the progressive disappearance of renal glycogen during the 2-3 wk after birth and an initially high rate of anaerobic glycolysis that subsequently decreases to levels found in the adult. According to these authors the major source of ATP in neonatal kidney is anaerobic glycolysis whereas aerobic glycolysis predominates in the adult. Consequently, an increased glucose requirement, which may be supplied by glycogen mobilization, may be expected in the kidney of young rats. The differentiation of rat kidney is known to take place a few days before birth (6,21). Assuming that renal glycogen may play an impurtant role in providing energy for difierentiation and maturation during the perinatal period, we studied the evolution of renal glycogen concentration in relationship to enzyme activities involved in glycogen metabolism in fetal and newborn rats. In addition an eventual endocrine control of glycogen metabolism was also investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe female rats used in these experiments were of the Sherman strain whose length of gestation was 21 days. Fetuses between 1 6 21 days of gestation were used. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURESMaternal adrenalectomy and metopirone treatment. In order to suppress corticosteroids in fetal plasma, maternal adrenalectomy was associated with metopirone treatment as previously described (10). Maternal adrenalectomy was performed at days 15 or 16 of gestation. Pregnant rats were then injected subcutaneously with metopirone at a dose of 10 mg twice daily until (days 18 or 21). Metopirone, which has been kindly supplied by CIBA laboratory, is a steroid hydroxylase inhibitor crossing the placental barrier. The effectiveness of treatment was routinelv controlled bv verifying the enlargement of the fetal adrenal g&ds. Fetuses i f adrenalectomized-treated mothers were compared with "control" fetuses of sham-omrated mothers.Fetal decapitation. Hypothalamo-hypophyseal and ...

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…in other organs (see for instance 1, 19,23). In lung and heart, the decline in wncentration is interpreted as a mobilization of the glywgen store.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Glycogen Content and Hormonal Control of Enzymes Involved in Renal Glycogen Metabolism

et al. 1983

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“…In the sheep, like many mammalian species, liver glycogen content increases during the later part of gestation (61). The increase in hepatic glycogen during the last part of gestation is dependent on cortisol (1,51,64), and in fact exogenous cortisol can augment and accelerate late-gestation hepatic glycogen synthesis and deposition (3,16,30,64). These results have been confirmed with in vitro studies using fetal liver explants and primary fetal hepatocytes, which show that glucocorticoids are necessary for allowing insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis and deposition (14,48,64).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic late-gestation hypoglycemia upregulates hepatic PEPCK associated with increased PGC1α mRNA and phosphorylated CREB in fetal sheep

Rozance¹,

Limesand²,

Barry³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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“…In all species investigated to date, including rats (Klepac 1985), mice (Tye and Burton 1980), monkeys and sheep (Barnes et al 1978), glucocorticoid administration causes a marked increase in the accumulation of liver glycogen (Jones and Rolph 1981). The prenatal rise in liver glycogen in fetal sheep (Dawes and Shelley 1968) has a close temporal relationship with the prenatal rise in cortisol and it is prevented by fetal hypophysectomy or adrenalectomy (Barnes et al 1978).…”

Section: Glycogen Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

The role of cortisol in preparing the fetus for birth

Liggins

1994

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

427

267

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The glucocorticoids, cortisol and corticosterone, have a unique function in the fetus in inducing a wide range of enzymes before birth that have little or no function during fetal life but on which survival after birth is dependent. The loss of the placenta at birth deprives the fetus of a source of oxygen, glucose and heat (among many other things) for which alternatives must be available immediately if survival is to be assured. In anticipation of these needs several organs undergo maturational changes in late pregnancy aimed at meeting these requirements. The lungs mature structurally and functionally, becoming distensible and capable of coping with high surface tension when air enters the alveoli with the first breath. In the liver, glycogen accumulates and gluconeogenesis is initiated to meet the demands for glucose until feeding begins. There is an increase in the production of tri-iodothyronine and catecholamines in preparation for the sharp increase in metabolic rate and thermogenesis associated with breathing and the cold environment. All these dramatic maturational events are regulated by cortisol as are numerous others in most organ systems that contribute to neonatal well-being but on which survival is less dependent. Pharmacological manipulation of these systems before birth has made a substantial contribution to improving human health.

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Glycogen Deposition in Fetal Mouse Tissues and the Effect of Dexamethasone

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Renal Glycogen Content and Hormonal Control of Enzymes Involved in Renal Glycogen Metabolism

Renal Glycogen Content and Hormonal Control of Enzymes Involved in Renal Glycogen Metabolism

Chronic late-gestation hypoglycemia upregulates hepatic PEPCK associated with increased PGC1α mRNA and phosphorylated CREB in fetal sheep

The role of cortisol in preparing the fetus for birth

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