2021
DOI: 10.3390/biom11030395
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Glycosaminoglycans: Carriers and Targets for Tailored Anti-Cancer Therapy

Abstract: The tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of cancerous, non-cancerous, stromal, and immune cells that are surrounded by the components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), natural biomacromolecules, essential ECM, and cell membrane components are extensively altered in cancer tissues. During disease progression, the GAG fine structure changes in a manner associated with disease evolution. Thus, changes in the GAG sulfation pattern are immediately correlated to malignant transformati… Show more

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Cited by 34 publications
(19 citation statements)
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“…The glycosaminoglycan degradation pathway is mediated by enzymes produced by activated T cells, and it has been reported to be involved in the immune response and regulation of T cell homeostasis. 77,78 On the other hand, purine metabolism especially the adenosine synthesis axis serves as a common path for attenuating T cell activation and can mediate regulatory T cell to suppress immune activity [79][80][81] ; therefore in the TATs compartment, this metabolic pathway is downregulated.…”
Section: (E) Heatmap Shows Differentially Expressed Genes Between Tat...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The glycosaminoglycan degradation pathway is mediated by enzymes produced by activated T cells, and it has been reported to be involved in the immune response and regulation of T cell homeostasis. 77,78 On the other hand, purine metabolism especially the adenosine synthesis axis serves as a common path for attenuating T cell activation and can mediate regulatory T cell to suppress immune activity [79][80][81] ; therefore in the TATs compartment, this metabolic pathway is downregulated.…”
Section: (E) Heatmap Shows Differentially Expressed Genes Between Tat...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Previous efforts in classifying the disease and therapy development had focused on the cellular compartment [96]. However, more recent developments have demonstrated the urgent need to understand the ECM component for tumor characterization and efficient therapy development [89,97].…”
Section: The Non-cellular Tme Compartment In Sarcomasmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The sources of MMPs are multiple; therefore, MMPs can be released by stromal cells, tumor cells or circulating cells [ 24 ]. The degradation of the ECM and basement membrane are important events in tumor invasion and metastasis [ 25 ]. Certain proteins in the ECM structure, such as fibronectin and laminin, promote cell migration and angiogenesis [ 26 ].…”
Section: Mmps As Molecular Promoters In Carcinogenesismentioning
confidence: 99%