Glycosides of ginseng (panax ginseng C. A. Mey)

Supercritical CO2 Extraction and Identification of Ginsenosides in Russian and North Korean Ginseng by HPLC with Tandem Mass Spectrometry

“…The results showed the spectral peaks of typical ginsenosides with some other minor groups, and major differences were observed between the spectra of the two ginseng samples. The use of a pressure of 400 bar and higher allowed an increase in the yield of ginsenosides in comparison with similar previous studies Molecules 2020, 25, 1407 2 of 12 profiles [15]. Ginsenosides have been reported to exhibit diverse positive effects, including antitumor, chemopreventive, immunomodulating, and antidiabetic effects [16][17][18].…”

“…Meyer (P. ginseng) is a perennial plant that has been used for millennia in traditional oriental medicine. The most studied biologically active components of ginseng, ginsenosides, are a homologous series of triterpene saponins with different glycosylation profiles [15]. Ginsenosides have been reported to exhibit diverse positive effects, including antitumor, chemopreventive, immunomodulating, and antidiabetic effects [16][17][18].…”

Panax ginseng components and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (Review)

“…Numerous recommendations for the treatment of various diseases with ginseng are available in the new edition of the ‘E-lin’ medicine collection, compiled in China by Shi Bao-yuan in 2-1 BC. Ginseng is also described in several ancient Chinese sources from the 3rd century onwards ( 6 , 7 ).…”

“…Several pharmacological [Zakutinsky ( 21 ), Burkat and Saksonov ( 22 ) and Kiselev ( 23 )] and clinical works [Shapiro ( 24 ), Kuzminskaya ( 25 ) and Buturlin ( 26 )] have been published since then. The Far Eastern academician scientists, Elyakov (founder of the Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences) and Brekhman provided significant contributions to the development of the science of Far Eastern medicinal plants, including ginseng ( 7 , 27 ).…”

“…Elyakov, who was the first to isolate 6 ginseng glycosides. The properties of an aglycone (a part of a glycoside that lacks a carbohydrate radical), led this group of scientists to term the glycosides of the protopanaxatriol group panaxosides, A, B and C, and the glycosides of the protopanaxadiol group panaxosides, D, E and F. Over time, other members of these groups were isolated; however, as there was no space left between C and D, the new opening compounds were termed ginsenosides and numbers that correspond to their mobility on chromatograms were assigned to them ( 7 , 28 , 29 ).…”