Glyoxalase Phenotypes in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Glyoxalase phenotypes in patients with diabetes mellitus.Caucasian diabetic patients in Australian surveys showed a significant difference in the distribution of glyoxalase phenotypes. Insulin dependent diabetic patients with age of onset less than 40 years had a relative excess of glyoxalase homozygote 1-1 and a deficiency of types 2-7 and 2-2. Non-insulin dependent diabetic patients were not significantly different from non-diabetic subjects in the distribution of glyoxalase phenotypes.Insulin dependent diabetic patients without the complications of retinopathy or neuropathy also showed a significant excess of glyoxalase type 1-1 in relation to the control group. Genes controlling glyoxalase polymorphism appear to be associated with the variations of diabetes and its complications.

The glyoxalase system: new developments towards functional characterization of a metabolic pathway fundamental to biological life

“…-The GLO genetic locus has been linked to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. A study of GLO gene frequencies has shown that there is a significant excess of glyoxalase homozygote GLO 1-1 and a deficiency of types GLO 2-1 and GLO 2-2 in insulindependent diabetic patients relative to controls (McCann et al, 1981). A GLO1 allele frequency in insulin-dependent diabetes higher than in non-diabetic patients was reported by Cambdonde Mouzon et al (1982).…”

“…For non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients, Kirk et al (1979) found an excess of GLO 2-2 phenotype and a deficiency of GLO 1-2 phenotype whereas other surveys (Kirk et al, 1985;McCann et al, 1981) produced no significant difference. However, more interestingly, insulin-dependent diabetic patients without clinical complications had a significant excess of the homozygote GLO 1-1 whereas patients with complications did not (McCann et al, 1981). Our experimental results have suggested that there is a correlation between glyoxalase activities and the development of clinical complications in insulinVol.…”

“…Other studies have not found changes in GLO 1-1 phenotype or GLO' allele frequency in insulindependent diabetic patients (Tokanaga et al, 1982;Kirk et al, 1985). For non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients, Kirk et al (1979) found an excess of GLO 2-2 phenotype and a deficiency of GLO 1-2 phenotype whereas other surveys (Kirk et al, 1985;McCann et al, 1981) produced no significant difference. However, more interestingly, insulin-dependent diabetic patients without clinical complications had a significant excess of the homozygote GLO 1-1 whereas patients with complications did not (McCann et al, 1981).…”

“…269 C Chr-6 q dependent diabetic patients. The work of McCann et al (1981) suggests there may be a genetic trait for resistance to diabetic complications. These studies hold great promise for the future.…”

Population genetics of human glyoxalases

“…there was a significant disturbance in GLO phenotype distribution: an increase in Gb 1-1 homozygote (McCann et al, 1981;Cambdon de Mouzon et al, 1982) or an increase in Gb 1-2 heterozygote (Kirk et ab., 1985). Other surveys (Allannic et al, 1985;Kirk et al, 1979) found no significant difference between IDDM patients and controls.…”