Glyphosate‐based pesticides affect cell cycle regulation

Abstract

Cell-cycle dysregulation is a hallmark of tumor cells and human cancers. Failure in the cell-cycle checkpoints leads to genomic instability and subsequent development of cancers from the initial affected cell. A worldwide used product Roundup 3plus, based on glyphosate as the active herbicide, was suggested to be of human health concern since it induced cell cycle dysfunction as judged from analysis of the first cell division of sea urchin embryos, a recognized model for cell cycle studies.Several glyphosate-based pesticides from different manufacturers were assayed in comparison with Roundup 3plus for their ability to interfere with the cell cycle regulation. All the tested products, Amega, Cargly, Cosmic, and Roundup Biovert induced cell cycle dysfunction. The threshold concentration for induction of cell cycle dysfunction was evaluated for each product and suggests high risk by inhalation for people in the vicinity of the pesticide handling sprayed at 500 to 4000 times higher dose than the cell-cycle adverse concentration.

Surface water toxicity assessment by ecotoxicological andin vitrotoxicologocical assays

“…Diluting sample to 50% will lead to non significant variation in viability as established by the student ttest (P<0.05). The observed development disruption supports the theory of chemical response and agrees with published literature on herbicide products disrupting cell division in sea urchin embryos [15]. The establishment of a biological impact as determined by the tests conducted does not establish human toxicity, as the mechanisms of toxicity could be different.…”

Re-registration Challenges of Glyphosate in the European Union

“…Roundup Original R was found cytotoxic to human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells with an IC 50 value corresponding to glyphosate concentration of 43.0 ± 1.7 µg/ml, induced death by apoptosis and necrosis upon 24 h of exposure, and caused reduced alkaline phosphatase activity in cells induced to osteogenic differentiation (de Melo et al, 2018). Formulations containing glyphosate IPA salt, Roundup 3 Plus R , Roundup Biovert R , Amega R , Cargly R and Cosmic R , unlike glyphosate alone, were shown to affect cell proliferation in embryonic cells 360 min upon fertilization of the sea urchin Sphaerechinus granularis inducing a delay in entry into the Mphase in the cell cycle (Marc et al, 2002(Marc et al, , 2004. A Roundup R formulation, but again not glyphosate, was shown to affect cell proliferation and steroid production, as dramatically decreased cell numbers, as well as estradiol and progesterone production were recorded in granulosa cells from beef heifer ovaries upon exposure to Roundup R at 0.01-0.30 mg/ml (corresponding to glyphosate concentrations of 0.0018-0.054 mg/ml) (Perego et al, 2017).…”

Evaluación De Daño Al Adn en Leucocitos De Sangre Periférica Humana Expuestos Al Herbicida Glifosato

“…La relevancia del estudio de las formulaciones comerciales radica en que el ingrediente activo puede tener un efecto aditivo e incluso sinérgico al interactuar con coadyuvantes y demás sustancias químicas que forman parte de la solución que se comercializa (Marc et al 2002, 2004, Dimitrov et al 2006, Šiviková y Dianovskỳ 2006.…”

“…En este sentido, los resultados obtenidos por el grupo de Robert Bellé, demuestran que Roundup® y otras formulaciones comerciales conteniendo glifosato podrían representar un riesgo a largo plazo debido a su capacidad de producir una disfunción de la división celular, retrasando la activación del complejo ciclina B/CDK1. Los autores sostienen que estas alteraciones en el control del ciclo celular llevan a una inestabilidad genómica que podría resultar en el desarrollo de una neoplasia a partir de la célula afectada (Marc et al 2002(Marc et al , 2003(Marc et al y 2004. Asimismo, la capacidad del herbicida glifosato de interactuar con el material genético ha sido reportada por una gran cantidad de investigadores en todo el mundo en diversos diseños experimentales, in vivo e in vitro (Rank et al 1993, Bolognesi et al 1997, Benachour et al 2007, Lioi et al 1998, Monroy et al 2005, Mañas et al 2006, Paz-y-Miño et al 2007, Mañas et al 2009a, Mañas et al 2009b.…”