Glyphosate in Irish adults – A pilot study in 2017

Connolly, Alison; Leahy, Michelle; Jones, Kate; Kenny, Laura; Coggins, Marie

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2018.04.025

Cited by 63 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In one of those study in Germany in 2013, the same year as the KarMeN study, the maximum glyphosate and AMPA concentrations in 24-h urine samples (n = 39) were 2.80 µg/L (median: 0.11 µg/L) and 1.88 µg/L (median: < LOQ) (Conrad et al 2017). More recently, Connolly et al (2018) reported glyphosate levels of up to 1.35 µg/L (median: 0.87 µg/L, based on 10 out of 50 samples with > 0.5 µg/L) in spot urine samples from 50 Irish adults. By comparison, exposure to glyphosate seems to be somewhat higher in the US, where glyphosate concentrations of up to 7.20 µg/L (median 3.25 µg/L, mean 3.40 µg/L, n = 71) were recently reported in spot urine samples from pregnant women (Parvez et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Glyphosate and AMPA levels in human urine samples and their correlation with food consumption: results of the cross-sectional KarMeN study in Germany

et al. 2020

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Glyphosate (N-[phosphonomethyl]-glycine) is the most widely used herbicide worldwide. Due to health concerns about glyphosate exposure, its continued use is controversially discussed. Biomonitoring is an important tool in safety evaluation and this study aimed to determine exposure to glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA, in association with food consumption data, in participants of the cross-sectional KarMeN study (Germany). Glyphosate and AMPA levels were measured in 24-h urine samples from study participants (n = 301). For safety evaluation, the intake of glyphosate and AMPA was calculated based on urinary concentrations and checked against the EU acceptable daily intake (ADI) value for glyphosate. Urinary excretion of glyphosate and/or AMPA was correlated with food consumption data. 8.3% of the participants (n = 25) exhibited quantifiable concentrations (> 0.2 µg/L) of glyphosate and/or AMPA in their urine. In 66.5% of the samples, neither glyphosate (< 0.05 µg/L) nor AMPA (< 0.09 µg/L) was detected. The remaining subjects (n = 76) showed traces of glyphosate and/or AMPA. The calculated glyphosate and/or AMPA intake was far below the ADI of glyphosate. Significant, positive associations between urinary glyphosate excretion and consumption of pulses, or urinary AMPA excretion and mushroom intake were observed. Despite the widespread use of glyphosate, the exposure of the KarMeN population to glyphosate and AMPA was found to be very low. Based on the current risk assessment of glyphosate by EFSA, such exposure levels are not expected to pose any risk to human health. The detected associations with consuming certain foods are in line with reports on glyphosate and AMPA residues in food.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Glyphosate and AMPA levels in human urine samples and their correlation with food consumption: results of the cross-sectional KarMeN study in Germany

et al. 2020

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only two studies observed the effects of exposure time, both of which showed that the proportion of individuals with detectable levels of GLY in their urine increased with prolonged temporal exposure. Connolly et al [35] collected 50 urine samples from Irish adults who were non-occupational users of GLY, and only ten contained detectable levels of GLY (range, 0.80-1.35 µg/L). However, the exposure concentrations were higher than those reported in comparable studies of European and American adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration Distribution and Analysis of Urinary Glyphosate and Its Metabolites in Occupationally Exposed Workers in Eastern China

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: There are few published studies concerning occupational exposure to glyphosate (GLY), and these are limited to spraying, horticulture and other agricultural aspects. Therefore, the concentration of glyphosate and its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), in the urine of workers exposed to glyphosate during glyphosate production was determined, and the relationship between internal (urinary glyphosate and AMPA concentration) and external exposure dose (time weighted average (TWA) value of glyphosate in the air of workplace) was analyzed. Methods: To avoid the influence of preparations, we selected people who were only involved in GLY production (without exposure to its preparations) as our research subjects. We collected 134 urine samples of workers exposed to GLY (prototype, not preparation). The urinary concentrations of GLY and AMPA (internal exposure dose) were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The subjects’ exposure to the amount of GLY in the air (external dose) was determined using ion chromatography. Conventional statistical methods, including quartiles, t-tests and regression analysis, were applied for data processing. Results: An on-site investigation revealed that the workers involved in centrifugation, crystallization, drying, and packaging and feeding were exposed to GLY. The TWA value of GLY in the workshop air was <0.02 mg/m3–34.58 mg/m3. The detection rates of GLY and AMPA in the urine samples were 86.6% and 81.3%, respectively. The concentration of urinary GLY was <0.020–17.202 mg/L (median, 0.292 mg/L). The urinary AMPA concentration was <0.010 mg/L–2.730 mg/L (median, 0.068 mg/L). The geometric means were 0.262 mg/L and 0.072 mg/L for GLY and AMPA, respectively. There was a correlation between the urinary concentration of GLY and AMPA and the TWA value of exposed workers (correlation coefficient [r] = 0.914 and 0.683, respectively; p < 0.01). Furthermore, there was a correlation between the urinary concentration of GLY and AMPA in the exposure group (r = 0.736, p < 0.01). Conclusions: The urinary concentration of GLY and AMPA of workers was correlated with the TWA value of workers’ exposure, which could reflect the actual exposure of the workers.

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“…In food and beverage contamination, glyphosate residues was found in cereals-based products (Liao et al 2018), both conventional and organic honeys (Rubio et al 2013), in legumes (Çetin et al 2017), in beer (Jansons et al 2018) and wine and fruit juice (Zoller et al 2018). Glyphosate was then detectable in human milk (Torretta et al 2018) and urine (Conrad et al 2017;Connolly et al 2018). Due to the large human population exposure to glyphosate, concerns have increased worldwide about its potential health effects.…”

Section: Glyphosate and Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, GBHs are the most widely used herbicides in the world (Benbrook 2016;Myers et al 2016) and their use may result in exposure of the general public as well as of applicators (Solomon 2016). Glyphosate was detected in urine samples of farmers (Jayasumana et al 2015), amenity horticulturists (Connolly et al 2017) as well as in samples of the general public (Conrad et al 2017;Connolly et al 2018). In March 2015, glyphosate was classified as a "probable carcinogen for humans" (group 2A) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization (WHO) (Guyton et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal Exposure to Glyphosate and a Glyphosate-Based Herbicide Affect Spermatogenesis in Mice

Pham

Derian

Kervarrec

et al. 2019

Toxicological Sciences

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Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide in the world. Several studies have investigated the effects of glyphosate and glyphosate-based-herbicides (GBHs) on male reproduction, but there is still little and conflicting evidence for its toxicity. In this study, we analyzed the effects of glyphosate, alone or in formula, on the male reproductive system. Pregnant mice were treated from E10.5 to 20 days postpartum (dpp) by adding glyphosate or a GBH (Roundup ® 3 Plus) to their drinking water at 0.5 (the acceptable daily intake, ADI dose), 5 and 50 mg/kg/day. Male offspring derived from treated mice were sacrificed at 5, 20 and 35 days-old (d.o.) and 8 monthsold (m.o.) for analysis. Our result showed that exposure to glyphosate, but not GBH, affect testis morphology in 20 d.o. and decrease serum testosterone concentrations in 35 d.o. males. We identified that the spermatozoa number decreased by 89% and 84% in 0.5 and 5 mg/kg/day of GBH and glyphosate groups, respectively. Moreover, the undifferentiated spermatogonia numbers were decreased by 60% in 5 mg/kg/day glyphosate group, which could be due to the alterations in the expression of genes involved in germ cell differentiation such as Sall4 and Nano3 and apoptosis as Bax and Bcl2. In 8 m.o. animals, a decreased testosterone level was observed in GBH groups. Our data demonstrate that glyphosate and GBHs could cause endocrine-disrupting effects on male reproduction at low doses. As glyphosate has effects at the ADI level, our data suggests that the current ADI for glyphosate could be overestimated.

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Glyphosate in Irish adults – A pilot study in 2017

Cited by 63 publications

References 6 publications

Glyphosate and AMPA levels in human urine samples and their correlation with food consumption: results of the cross-sectional KarMeN study in Germany

Glyphosate and AMPA levels in human urine samples and their correlation with food consumption: results of the cross-sectional KarMeN study in Germany

Concentration Distribution and Analysis of Urinary Glyphosate and Its Metabolites in Occupationally Exposed Workers in Eastern China

Perinatal Exposure to Glyphosate and a Glyphosate-Based Herbicide Affect Spermatogenesis in Mice

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