GMC oxidoreductase, a highly expressed protein in a potent biocontrol agent Fusarium oxysporum Cong:1-2, is dispensable for biocontrol activity

Kawabe, Masato; Onokubo, Akiko Okabe; Arimoto, Yutaka; Yoshida, Takeshi; Azegami, Koji; Teraoka, Tohru; Arie, Tsutomu

doi:10.2323/jgam.57.207

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The inclusion of the first genomes for VGIII isolates revealed 79 LS genes that included a significant enrichment for PIF1-like helicases important for genome stability ( 38 ) and phosphopyruvate hydratases/enolases ( 40 ), which are highly conserved major fungal allergens ( 40 ). Glucose-methanol-choline (GMC) oxidoreductases, which include a number of antifungal proteins secreted by a diverse range of fungal species, were also lost in VGIII ( 41 ). Leucine zipper-EF-hand-containing transmembrane protein 1 (LETM1) was predicted in each of the other lineages but not predicted in VGIII, although a translated BLAST revealed LETM1-like sequence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Evolution and Innovation across the Four Major Lineages of Cryptococcus gattii

Farrer

Desjardins

Sakthikumar

et al. 2015

mBio

102

142

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Cryptococcus gattii is a fungal pathogen of humans, causing pulmonary infections in otherwise healthy hosts. To characterize genomic variation among the four major lineages of C. gattii (VGI, -II, -III, and -IV), we generated, annotated, and compared 16 de novo genome assemblies, including the first for the rarely isolated lineages VGIII and VGIV. By identifying syntenic regions across assemblies, we found 15 structural rearrangements, which were almost exclusive to the VGI-III-IV lineages. Using synteny to inform orthology prediction, we identified a core set of 87% of C. gattii genes present as single copies in all four lineages. Remarkably, 737 genes are variably inherited across lineages and are overrepresented for response to oxidative stress, mitochondrial import, and metal binding and transport. Specifically, VGI has an expanded set of iron-binding genes thought to be important to the virulence of Cryptococcus, while VGII has expansions in the stress-related heat shock proteins relative to the other lineages. We also characterized genes uniquely absent in each lineage, including a copper transporter absent from VGIV, which influences Cryptococcus survival during pulmonary infection and the onset of meningoencephalitis. Through inclusion of population-level data for an additional 37 isolates, we identified a new transcontinental clonal group that we name VGIIx, mitochondrial recombination between VGII and VGIII, and positive selection of multidrug transporters and the iron-sulfur protein aconitase along multiple branches of the phylogenetic tree. Our results suggest that gene expansion or contraction and positive selection have introduced substantial variation with links to mechanisms of pathogenicity across this species complex.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Evolution and Innovation across the Four Major Lineages of Cryptococcus gattii

Farrer

Desjardins

Sakthikumar

et al. 2015

mBio

102

142

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“…This enzyme has already been implicated in the biocontrol of other fungal species such as F . oxysporum [ 60 ]. Nine copies of the chloroperoxidase gene were predicted in the refined secretome of Z .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Interspecies Comparative Analysis of the Predicted Secretomes of the Necrotrophic Plant Pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea

Heard

Brown²,

Hammond‐Kosack³

2015

PLoS ONE

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Phytopathogenic fungi form intimate associations with host plant species and cause disease. To be successful, fungal pathogens communicate with a susceptible host through the secretion of proteinaceous effectors, hydrolytic enzymes and metabolites. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea are economically important necrotrophic fungal pathogens that cause disease on numerous crop species. Here, a powerful bioinformatics pipeline was used to predict the refined S. sclerotiorum and B. cinerea secretomes, identifying 432 and 499 proteins respectively. Analyses focusing on S. sclerotiorum revealed that 16% of the secretome encoding genes resided in small, sequence heterogeneous, gene clusters that were distributed over 13 of the 16 predicted chromosomes. Functional analyses highlighted the importance of plant cell hydrolysis, oxidation-reduction processes and the redox state to the S. sclerotiorum and B. cinerea secretomes and potentially host infection. Only 8% of the predicted proteins were distinct between the two secretomes. In contrast to S. sclerotiorum, the B. cinerea secretome lacked CFEM- or LysM-containing proteins. The 115 fungal and oomycete genome comparison identified 30 proteins specific to S. sclerotiorum and B. cinerea, plus 11 proteins specific to S. sclerotiorum and 32 proteins specific to B. cinerea. Expressed sequence tag (EST) and proteomic analyses showed that 246 S. sclerotiorum secretome encoding genes had EST support, including 101 which were only expressed in vitro and 49 which were only expressed in planta, whilst 42 predicted proteins were experimentally proven to be secreted. These detailed in silico analyses of two important necrotrophic pathogens will permit informed choices to be made when candidate effector proteins are selected for function analyses in planta.

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“…Twelve proteins with glucose-methanol-choline domains (PF00732) were also identified, a similar number to that identified in the Botrytis cinerea secretome [32]. These enzymes would also be anticipated to influence the host or fungal redox balance [32,53].…”

Section: Oxidation-reduction Processesmentioning

confidence: 82%

Secretome analysis of virulentPyrenophora teresf. teresisolates

Ismail

Able

2016

Proteomics

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Pyrenophora teres f. teres (Ptt) causes net form net blotch disease of barley, partially by producing necrosis-inducing proteins. The protein profiles of the culture filtrates of 28 virulent isolates were compared by a combination of 2DE and 1D-PAGE with 105 spots and 51 bands chosen for analysis by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 259 individual proteins were identified with 63 of these proteins being common to the selected virulent isolates. Ptt secretes a broad spectrum of proteins including cell wall degrading enzymes; virulence factors and effectors; proteins associated with fungal pathogenesis and development; and proteins related to oxidation-reduction processes. Potential virulence factors and effectors identified included proteins with glucosidase activity, ricin B and concanavalin A-like lectins, glucanases, spherulin, cutinase, pectin lyase, leucine-rich repeat protein, and ceratoplatanin. Small proteins with unknown function but cysteine-rich, common to effectors, were also identified. Differences in the secretion profile of the Ptt isolates have also provided important insight into the different mechanisms contributing to virulence and the development of net form net blotch symptoms.

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GMC oxidoreductase, a highly expressed protein in a potent biocontrol agent Fusarium oxysporum Cong:1-2, is dispensable for biocontrol activity

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Genome Evolution and Innovation across the Four Major Lineages of Cryptococcus gattii

Genome Evolution and Innovation across the Four Major Lineages of Cryptococcus gattii

An Interspecies Comparative Analysis of the Predicted Secretomes of the Necrotrophic Plant Pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea

Secretome analysis of virulentPyrenophora teresf. teresisolates

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