GNB3 gene C825T and ACE gene I/D polymorphisms in essential hypertension in a Kazakh genetic isolate

Abstract

The Kazakh inhabitants living in Barkol pasture of northeast China belong to a genetic isolate characterized by ethnically homogeneous and a communal pastoral lifestyle. To investigate whether the polymorphisms in the G-protein b-3 subunit (GNB3) gene and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene are associated with essential hypertension (EH), we carried out a case-control study of 290 hypertensive subjects and 244 normotensive (NT) controls randomly selected from Kazakh populations of Barkol. A previous medical history of diabetes and hypertension, and body mass index (BMI) was recorded. Plasma glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol were measured. The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene and the C825T polymorphism of the GNB3 gene were determined by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The distributions of genotypes and alleles for the two polymorphisms did not differ significantly between the case and control populations, and odds ratio of EH related to the ACE gene D allele and GNB3 gene T allele was not significantly different from 1.0. Logistic regression analysis shows the variation at the GNB3 and ACE did not have any statistically significant synergistic effect on blood pressure (BP). Stratification of NT and untreated hypertensives according to I/D polymorphism of ACE gene and C825T polymorphism of GNB3 gene disclosed no significant difference across genotypes with respect to BMI, glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, systolic and diastolic BP. In conclusion, the polymorphisms in the GNB3 gene and ACE gene, solely or combined, did not confer a significantly increased risk for the development of EH in the Kazakh isolate of northeast China.

Interaction between GNB3 C825T and ACE I/D polymorphisms in essential hypertension in Koreans

“…Whereas another recent study for the Kazakh populations could not find any increased OR for EH associated with the GNB3 825T allele in individuals with ACE genotypes. 44 In the present study, we found a significant interaction between the GNB3 825T allele and the ACE D allele, and also observed a particularly significant interaction between the ACE D allele and the GNB3 CT genotype. The decreased OR associated with the 825T allele appeared in connection with the ACE II genotype (Table 4).…”

“…38,43 K The associations between GNB3 C825T and ACE I/D polymorphisms and hypertension have been carried out, but found conflicting results in ethnic backgrounds. 23,44 What this study adds K The interaction between the GNB3 825T and ACE D alleles was found to be significantly associated with hypertension in this study. K This finding suggests that the allelic combination of two genes may contribute to the predisposing effect for the development of hypertension in Koreans.…”

Association study on GNB3 gene polymorphism with essential hypertension in Xinjiang Uygur group

“…Our conclusion is that GNB 3 C825T SNP is not associated with hypertension in the Uygur population, which is in consistent with our previous study showing the same negative result in the Kazakh population [11]. Together with other studies in the Chinese Han population [1,[8][9][10], our study also indicates that GNB 3 C825T SNP is not associated with hypertension in Chinese populations.…”

Gene–environment interaction and the GNB3 gene in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study

“…3,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] One could argue that the inconsistency in reports for both obesity and hypertension are attributed to type I errors, misclassification, differing definitions of hypertension used in analyses 4 and differing allele frequencies between populations. It may then be critically important to assess the effects of genetic variation within the context of environments and behaviors that play an essential role in hypertension etiology.…”