Go/No-Go task performance predicts differences in compulsivity but not in impulsivity personality traits

Sánchez-Kuhn, Ana; León, J.J.; Gôngora, Karinna; Pérez-Fernández, Cristian; Sánchez-Santed, Fernando; Moreno, Margarita; Flores, Pilar

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.07.064

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Previous research on disinhibition and externalizing symptoms in adolescents demonstrates conflicting results. That is, while some research has shown that youth with externalizing symptoms make more false alarms on Go/NoGo tasks (Schulz et al, 2004; Bezdjian et al, 2009), others have found that there is no relationship between externalizing symptoms such as impulsivity and false alarms on Go/NoGo tasks (Brown et al, 2015; Sánchez-Kuhn et al, 2017). To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the link between externalizing symptoms and behavioral disinhibition using salient peer faces in adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral and Neural Dysregulation to Social Rewards and Links to Internalizing Symptoms in Adolescents

Kwon

Ivory

McCormick

et al. 2019

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Adolescence is a time of unique sensitivity to socially salient stimuli such as social rewards. This period overlaps with the onset of psychopathology such as internalizing and externalizing symptoms. In the current studies, we examined behavioral and neural patterns of dysregulation to social rewards and threats, and links to internalizing and externalizing symptoms in youths. In study 1, we used a social Go/NoGo cognitive control task using peer faces to test for age-related behavioral differences in inhibitory failures in adolescents ( N = 53, M age = 13.37 years), and adults ( N = 51, M age = 43.71 years). In study 2, an independent adolescent sample ( N = 51, M age = 13.98 years) completed a similar social Go/NoGo cognitive control task during fMRI. Results show that adolescents had greater inhibitory failures – as measured by false alarm rate – to both social reward and threat cues than adults, and more so to social reward than threat cues. Greater inhibitory failures to social reward than threat cues were associated with greater internalizing symptoms, but were not significantly related to externalizing symptoms. At the neural level, greater inhibitory failures to social reward than threat cues as well as greater internalizing symptoms were both associated with heightened amygdala-ventral striatum connectivity. Our findings indicate that subcortico-subcortical connectivity, which is deemed to occur chronologically earlier and thus necessary for subcortico-cortical circuits, may serve as an early biomarker for emotion dysregulation and a risk factor for internalizing symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral and Neural Dysregulation to Social Rewards and Links to Internalizing Symptoms in Adolescents

Kwon

Ivory

McCormick

et al. 2019

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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“…However, usually, there are no correlations between the findings in the behavioral tasks and the questionnaires measuring impulsivity (Asahi et al, 2004 ; Claes et al, 2006 ). A possible explanation for these contradictory results might be that the behavioral tasks measure the inhibitory control of a specific facet of inhibition at a single point of time, while the scales rate general behaviors across different situations (Clark et al, 2009 ; Sánchez-Kuhn et al, 2017 ). In our study, fNIRS revealed the regional brain activation (DLPFC) in the go/no-go task in the T/T group and decreased SNAP-IV scores in the T/T group post- MPH 4w treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25 Gene Polymorphisms Affect Treatment Efficiency of Methylphenidate in Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: An fNIRS Study

Yan

et al. 2022

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Methylphenidate (MPH) is the first-line drug for the treatment of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, individual curative effects of MPH vary. Many studies have demonstrated that synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25) gene MnlI polymorphisms may be related to the efficacy of MPH. However, the association between SNAP-25MnlI polymorphisms and changes in brain hemodynamic responses after MPH treatment is still unclear. This study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to preliminarily investigate the interaction of MPH treatment-related prefrontal inhibitory functional changes with the genotype status of the SNAP-25 gene in children with ADHD. In total, 38 children with ADHD aged 6.76–12.08 years were enrolled in this study and divided into the following two groups based on SNAP-25 gene MnlI polymorphisms: T/T genotype group (wild-type group, 27 children) and G allele carrier group (mutation group, 11 children). The averaged oxygenated hemoglobin concentration changes [Δavg oxy-Hb] and deoxyhemoglobin concentration changes [Δavg deoxy-Hb] in the frontal cortex before MPH treatment and after 1.5 h (post-MPH1.5h) and 4 weeks (post-MPH4w) of MPH treatments were monitored using fNIRS during the go/no-go task. SNAP-IV scores were evaluated both pre-MPH and post-MPH4w treatments. In the T/T genotype group, [Δavg oxy-Hb] in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was significantly higher after 4 weeks of MPH (post-MPH4W) treatment than pre-treatment; however, in the G allele group, no significant differences in [Δavg oxy-Hb] were observed between pre- and post-treatments. In the go/no-go task, the accuracy was significantly increased post-MPH4w treatment in the T/T genotype group, while no significant differences were observed in response time and accuracy of the “go” sand no-go task in the G allele group for pre-MPH, post-MPH1.5h, and post-MPH4w treatments. The T/T genotype group exhibited a significant decrease in SNAP-IV scores after MPH treatment, while the G allele group showed no significant difference. In conclusion, fNIRS data combined with SNAP-25 MnlI polymorphism analysis may be a useful biomarker for evaluating the effects of MPH in children with ADHD.

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“…Probabilistic reversal learning task, aimed at training cognitive flexibility, where a pair of stimuli is presented on the screen, and participants must choose the stimulus with the highest probability of reward, adapting their behaviour when the reinforcement contingency is reversed after 40 trials [50].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• N-back task, which involves working memory and has three levels of difficulty (0-back, 1-back and 2-back), where the participant is asked to match the current stimulus with the one presented N earlier [48]. • Go/no-go task, designed to train response inhibition, where the participant has to press the space bar whenever the Go stimulus appears (75%) and avoid pressing it in case of the No-go stimulus (25%) [49]. • Probabilistic reversal learning task, aimed at training cognitive flexibility, where a pair of stimuli is presented on the screen, and participants must choose the stimulus with the highest probability of reward, adapting their behaviour when the reinforcement contingency is reversed after 40 trials [50].…”

Section: Cognitive Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromodulation of Executive Dysfunction in Patients with Acute Stroke Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Study Protocol for a Triple-Blind, Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial

Amaya-Pascasio,

García-Pinteño,

Sánchez-Kuhn

et al. 2023

Cerebrovasc Dis

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Research on the benefits of non-invasive brain stimulation in stroke patients to improve executive functions is scarce. The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in combination with cognitive training for the rehabilitation of executive functions in acute and subacute stroke patients as well as to explore the underlying physiological mechanisms. A triple-blinded, randomized-controlled clinical trial will be conducted involving 60 stroke patients with frontal or basal ganglia lesions and a Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) score less than 26. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive active tDCS (anode over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, cathode at the right supraorbital region, 20 minutes at 2 mA) or sham tDCS in a 1:1 ratio for 10 sessions, followed by targeted executive function training. The primary efficacy outcome will be the MoCA score, while secondary outcomes will include the Five-digit test (inhibitory control), the Digit span task (working memory), the abbreviated version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting test (cognitive flexibility), rankin modified scale (functional state), Beck-II depression inventory, apathy evaluation scale and the WHOQOL-BREF (quality of life), assessed immediately after the intervention and at one, three, six, and twelve months post-intervention. Additionally, resting-state functional connectivity and blood biomarkers, such as neurotrophins, growth factors, and inflammatory molecules, will be evaluated before and after the intervention. This study will contribute to the investigation of the efficacy of tDCS in rehabilitating executive functions in acute and subacute stroke patients. The multidimensional approach utilized in this study, which includes analysis of resting-state connectivity and neuroplasticity-related blood biomarkers, is expected to provide insights into the underlying brain mechanisms involved in the rehabilitation of dysexecutive syndrome.

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Go/No-Go task performance predicts differences in compulsivity but not in impulsivity personality traits

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Behavioral and Neural Dysregulation to Social Rewards and Links to Internalizing Symptoms in Adolescents

Behavioral and Neural Dysregulation to Social Rewards and Links to Internalizing Symptoms in Adolescents

Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25 Gene Polymorphisms Affect Treatment Efficiency of Methylphenidate in Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: An fNIRS Study

Neuromodulation of Executive Dysfunction in Patients with Acute Stroke Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Study Protocol for a Triple-Blind, Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial

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