Goal adjustment by people living with long-term conditions: A scoping review of literature published from January 2007 to June 2018.

Scobbie, Lesley; Thomson, Katie; Pollock, Alex; Evans, Jonathan J.

doi:10.1080/09602011.2020.1774397

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 112 publications

(174 reference statements)

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“…The finding that goal reengagement explained a unique proportion of the variance of both indicators of QOL corrobates the conclusions of earlier research with people with an ABI ( Van Bost, Van Damme & Crombez, 2020 ). It is also in concordance with an overall positive relationship between goal reengagement and well-being in long-term health conditions, reported by Scobbie et al (2020) . In their review mixed results for goal disengagement were reported.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Similar results have been found in people with an ABI ( Van Bost, Van Damme & Crombez, 2020 ). In their review of the literature concerning goal adjustment in people with long-tern health conditions, such as cancer and stroke, Scobbie et al (2020) concluded that goal disengagement and goal reengagement had a positive association with recovery and well-being, although the findings for goal disengagement were mixed. In clinical studies ( Van Bost, Van Damme & Crombez, 2020 ; Van Damme et al, 2019 ) goal reengagement was positively associated with subjective QOL and life satisfaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Goal adjustment and well-being after an acquired brain injury: the role of cognitive flexibility and personality traits

Bost

Damme

Crombez

2022

PeerJ

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Objective The tendency to flexibly adjust goals that are hindered by chronic illness is related to indicators of wellbeing. However, cognitive flexibility is often impaired in persons with an acquired brain injury (ABI), possibly affecting the ability to flexibly adjust goals. In this study we examined whether cognitive flexibility is positively related with the ability to disengage from goals to reengage with goals in persons with ABI. Second, we explored whether goal adjustment abilities are predictive of a unique proportion of the variance inabilities are predictive of quality of life and life satisfaction after controlling for personality traits. Method Seventy-eight persons with an ABI completed a set of questionnaires. Goal disengagement and goal reengagement were assessed using the Wrosch Goal Adjustment Scale (GAS). Indicators of wellbeing were measured with the European Brain Injury Questionnaire (EBIQ) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The percentage of perseverative errors on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) was used as an indicator of cognitive inflexibility. Big Five personality traits were assessed via the NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Four hierarchical multiple regression analyses were then conducted. The first two analyses tested the effect of cognitive flexibility on goal adjustment tendencies. The second two analyses tested whether goal adjustment has a predictive value for life satisfaction and QOL beyond personality. Results Cognitive flexibility was positively related to goal reengagement, but not to goal disengagement. Goal reengagement was positively associated with both quality of life and life satisfaction after controlling for demographic, illness characteristics and personality factors. Goal disengagement was negatively related to life satisfaction. Conclusion Flexible goal adjustment abilities have a unique explanatory value for indicators of wellbeing, beyond personality traits. The findings indicate that in persons with lower cognitive flexibility, goal reengagement ability might be negatively affected, and should be taking into account during rehabilitation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Goal adjustment and well-being after an acquired brain injury: the role of cognitive flexibility and personality traits

Bost

Damme

Crombez

2022

PeerJ

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“…Individuals faced with the decision of whether to continue pursuing a failing course of action are more likely to question the value of continued pursuit and downgrade goal-relevant resources (Herrmann et al, 2019). Accepting a goal's unattainability, unburdening resources, and ultimately disengaging from a failing goal enables goal adjustment (i.e., modifying a goal to make it achievable; Barlow et al, 2020; Brandstätter & Bernecker, 2022; Carver & Scheier, 2005; Scobbie et al, 2021; Wrosch & Scheier, 2020). Although controlled motivation is positively associated with disengagement, it is not predictive of adjustment (Ntoumanis, Healy, Sedikides, Duda, et al, 2014; Ntoumanis, Healy, Sedikides, Smith, & Duda, 2014).…”

Section: The Role Of Motives In Self-regulatory Copingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motives and mental contrasting with implementation intentions predict progress and management of goals in parents.

Riddell¹,

Sedikides²,

Gucciardi³

et al. 2023

Motivation Science

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Parents must rapidly adapt goals from various aspects of their lives to accommodate the demands of the early stages of parenthood. According to the self-concordance model, having autonomous goal motives (based on enjoyment or personal goal value) should foster effective self-regulation (e.g., coping strategies), better goal management, and increase the likelihood of goal attainment, compared to controlled motives (goals driven by demands/pressures). Metacognitive techniques, such as mental contrasting with implementation intentions (MCII), can also facilitate goal regulation. We used experience sampling over 1 month to study goal striving in parents (N = 103). We investigated how motives and spontaneously occurring features of MCII (i.e., mental imagery, reflection on obstacles, implementation intention planning) predict three key self-regulatory coping strategies: exerting effort, disengaging, and modifying/adjusting goals to make them attainable. We examined whether these strategies influenced relations between motives and goal progress, intergoal facilitation, and interference between parenting/competing life goals. Autonomous motives and MCII-like features were positively associated with effort coping, which in turn was related to goal progress and facilitation. Additionally, in individuals with high controlled motives, MCII-like features positively predicted increased adjustment of competing life goals. Goal adjustment positively predicted differences in intergoal facilitation. Results indicate that exerting effort and adjusting goals are effective strategies for attaining and managing multiple goals. Both goal motives and MCII-like features are associated with the use of these strategies. The findings suggest that parents will benefit from selecting autonomously motivated goals and using MCII-like features to manage parenting and other competing life goals.

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“…37 Research has described coping strategies associated with long-term disabling conditions and suggests therapies, such as increasing a person's empowerment or self-management skills and using peer support. Goal adjustment has been described in people with long-term conditions, 80 including cancers. 81 This theory suggests research is needed to assist people to adapt their long-term aspirations, accounting for their altered abilities.…”

Section: Resetting Psychosocial Equilibrium Set Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A general theory of rehabilitation: Rehabilitation catalyses and assists adaptation to illness

Wade

2023

Clin Rehabil

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Background There is no general theory of rehabilitation, only definitions and descriptions, with the biopsychosocial model of illness as a structure. Objective To develop a general theory of rehabilitation that explains how healthcare rehabilitation changes outcomes and to evaluate its validity. Need A general rehabilitation theory would help research, improve services, increase understanding, modify resource allocation and explain some anomalies, such as how rehabilitation helps when no natural recovery occurs. Building blocks People adapt to change throughout their lives. Illness is a change, and people adapt to their illness. Adaptation's purpose is to maintain an equilibrium in a person's life. The balanced components are related to Maslow's five needs: basic, safety, affiliation, status and self-fulfilment. The general theory of behaviour suggests that a person's behaviours change to maintain balance, regulated by a central homeostatic mechanism. The theory Rehabilitation aids adaptation to changes associated with illness through accurate diagnosis and formulation, catalysing adaptation, optimising the environment and assisting the person in making necessary changes by safely practising activities and teaching self-management. Implications The theory makes the person the central active agent, emphasises the importance of the environment in facilitating adaptation, explains why all conditions may benefit, including progressive and static conditions, suggests that health can be equated to someone maintaining their equilibrium and explains why a small dose may be very effective. Conclusion The general theory of rehabilitation emphasises the catalytic effects of rehabilitation in facilitating and guiding adaptation and suggests areas for research and improvement.

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Goal adjustment by people living with long-term conditions: A scoping review of literature published from January 2007 to June 2018.

Cited by 7 publications

References 112 publications

Goal adjustment and well-being after an acquired brain injury: the role of cognitive flexibility and personality traits

Goal adjustment and well-being after an acquired brain injury: the role of cognitive flexibility and personality traits

Motives and mental contrasting with implementation intentions predict progress and management of goals in parents.

A general theory of rehabilitation: Rehabilitation catalyses and assists adaptation to illness

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