Goal pursuit and goal adjustment: Self-regulation and intentional self-development in changing developmental contexts

Brandtstädter, Jochen

doi:10.1016/j.alcr.2009.03.002

Cited by 172 publications

(206 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Although TGP and FGA represent dispositional tendencies towards goal pursuit and goal adjustment respectively, fluctuations are thought to occur in these tendencies over the life course, suggesting that they are amenable to change (23). The findings of the present study thus indicate the potential value of developing rehabilitation-based interventions to foster adoption of these adaptive strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Alternatively, it has been suggested that older adults might adjust more readily to amputation than younger individuals, as they view changes in mobility and body image due to limb loss as undesirable but somewhat expected at their age (40). This view is reciprocated in the literature on selfregulation, which proposes that people come to rely increasingly on goal adjustment strategies as they grow older, which helps maintain a sense of well-being and satisfaction in the face of age-related losses and limitations (23,35). The limited capacity of amputation etiology and pain intensity to predict disability and QoL in the present study lends further support to the argument that the characteristics of an individual's health condition are insufficient in explaining the nature or extent of disability he or she experiences (4,15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid the adverse consequences of goal failure and ensure that purpose in life and well-being are maintained, individuals must either overcome their difficulties through continued striving towards goal attainment (goal pursuit), or abandon or scale down threatened goals and manage adverse emotional consequences (goal adjustment) (23,24). Having a greater tendency towards goal pursuit and/or goal adjustment is associated with greater well-being among patients with acquired physical impairment, including stroke (25) and spinal cord injury (26).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Goal Pursuit and Goal Adjustment as Predictors of Disability and Quality of Life Among Individuals With a Lower Limb Amputation: A Prospective Study

Coffey

Desmond

2014

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

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Objective: (1) To identify significant changes in disability and quality of life (QoL) across three time points (T1 = admission to rehabilitation, T2 = six weeks post-discharge, T3 = six months post-discharge) in individuals with lower limb amputation, and (2) to examine whether goal pursuit and goal adjustment at T1 were predictive of these outcomes at T3.Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation.Participants: Consecutive sample of 64 persons aged 18 years and over with major lower limb amputation.Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: World Health Organisation Disability Assessment ScheduleVersion 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0); World Health Organisation Quality of Life Questionnaire-Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF).Results: Mean WHODAS 2.0 scores were in the 95 th percentile at each time point. Scores on the WHODAS 2.0 and the physical, psychological and social relationships domains of the WHOQOL-BREF remained stable across the study period. Environmental QoL scores decreased from T1 to T2, but returned to near-baseline levels between T2 and T3. Having a greater tendency towards goal pursuit at T1 was predictive of higher physical and psychological QoL at T3, while having a stronger disposition towards goal adjustment at T1 predicted lower disability and higher environmental QoL at T3. Conclusions:High levels of disability were experienced from admission to rehabilitation up to six months post-discharge. QoL in the physical, psychological and social relationships domains remained stable over the study period. Stronger goal pursuit and goal adjustment 3 tendencies on admission predicted lower disability and higher QoL six months postdischarge. and health classification system that offers a generic framework for describing the consequences of illness and disability and the dynamic interplay of personal and environmental factors (5), and has been applied to a number of conditions, including LLA (5, 6). The ICF classifies functioning and disability into two components: (1) body functions and structures (at the level of the body or body part), which are interpreted through changes in physiological systems or anatomical structures; and (2) activities (at the level of the whole person) and participation (at the level of the whole person in a social context), which are interpreted through capacity and performance.The primary goal of rehabilitation is to achieve optimal functioning (as appropriate to the individual) at each of these levels (7). Recent reviews indicate that most rehabilitation outcomes research among persons with LLA has been at the level of body functions and structures (2) or specific activities such as mobility (6) Theories of self-regulation may help to increase understanding of adjustment to LLA (17, 18). According to this perspective, human behaviour is organised around the pursuit of goals, which energise activities and give structure and meaning to people's lives and are thus closely linked with their subjective well-being (19-21). Indeed, negative associations hav...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Goal Pursuit and Goal Adjustment as Predictors of Disability and Quality of Life Among Individuals With a Lower Limb Amputation: A Prospective Study

Coffey

Desmond

2014

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

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“…loss-based selection) (Freund and Baltes 1998). According to the dual-process model of developmental regulation, people often abandon goals that seem too difficult to realize (Brandtstädter 2009), and it is understandable that engaging in physical activity or leisure-time activities may require too much effort from older people with major functional limitations. Instead, those with fewer health resources more often reported recovery goals, a finding that can be interpreted as a compensatory effort to regain an earlier state of functioning (Ebner et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life resources and personal goals in old age

et al. 2016

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It has been theorized that life resources influence goal engagement. The aim of the present study was to examine whether personal characteristics, and socio-economic, social and health resources are associated with personal goal content in old age. The participants were 824 community-dwelling people aged 75-90 from the LifeSpace Mobility in Old Age project. Personal goals were elicited using a revised version of the Personal Project Analysis in a structured interview. Cross-sectional bi-and multivariate analyses using logistic regression modelling were conducted. The results showed that the most commonly reported goals were health maintenance related. People with better health resources were more likely to report goals related to leisure-time, social and physical activities and less likely to report goals related to recovery of health. Those with poor social resources were at risk for having no personal goals in their lives. The results are in line with theorizing on the influence of life resources on goal setting in old age. Further longitudinal studies are needed on whether resource loss precedes goal modification, and how goal setting strategies influence both mental and physical well-being in old age.

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“…This way of coping with adversity is more and more acknowledged to be related to a good adjustment to chronic illness [17][18][19][20][21][22]. Its function is also well-articulated in self-regulatory models of coping [23][24][25].One example of such a model is the 'Dual-Process Model of Coping of Brandtstädter and colleagues' [26][27], which distinguishes between two complementary coping strategies: accommodative coping and assimilative coping. 'Assimilative coping' is characterized by active attempts to control the stressor and solve the problem, in order to continue with the pursuit of one's life goals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive behavior therapy in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: The role of illness acceptance and neuroticism

Poppe

Petrovic

Vogelaers

et al. 2013

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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Number of words: 4560 Number of tables: 3Running head: CBT and chronic fatigue syndrome Key Words: chronic fatigue syndrome, cognitive behaviour therapy, acceptance, healthrelated quality of life, neuroticism. 2 AbstractObjective. Increasing the quality of life (QoL) of patients with chronic fatigue is challenging because recovery is seldom achieved. Therefore, it is important to identify processes that improve QoL. This study examined the extent of improvement related to cognitive behaviour group therapy (CBT), and whether improvement is affected by initial levels of acceptance and neuroticism.Methods. Eighty CFS patients followed CBT, and self-reported (pre-post design) on mental and physical QoL (MQoL and PQoL), fatigue, acceptance, neuroticism. The extent of improvement was analyzed using t-tests, effect sizes, and clinically significant change criteria.Whether acceptance and neuroticism at baseline predicted changes, was analyzed by means of correlation and regression analyses. Results. Significant improvement was found for all variables. The effect size for MQoL andPQoL was small; for acceptance and fatigue moderate. About 20% (MQoL) to 40% (fatigue) of the participants clinically improved.Pre-treatment level of acceptance was negatively correlated with changes in MQoL, not with PQoL changes. Neuroticism pre-treatment was positively related with MQoL changes.Regression analysis showed an effect of acceptance on changes in MQoL beyond the effect of neuroticism. Conclusions:Although CBT is an evidence-based treatment, the sizes of the effects are often small regarding QoL. Our study also revealed small effect sizes. Our study showed that patient characteristics at baseline were significantly associated with MQoL outcome; indicating that CFS patients with high neuroticism or with a low acceptance show more improvement in MQoL. We propose to specifically target acceptance and neuroticism before treatment in order to maximize clinical relevance.3

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Goal pursuit and goal adjustment: Self-regulation and intentional self-development in changing developmental contexts

Cited by 172 publications

References 53 publications

Goal Pursuit and Goal Adjustment as Predictors of Disability and Quality of Life Among Individuals With a Lower Limb Amputation: A Prospective Study

Goal Pursuit and Goal Adjustment as Predictors of Disability and Quality of Life Among Individuals With a Lower Limb Amputation: A Prospective Study

Life resources and personal goals in old age

Cognitive behavior therapy in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: The role of illness acceptance and neuroticism

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