Goat whey ameliorates intestinal inflammation on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats

Abstract

This study evaluated the intestinal anti-inflammatory effects of goat whey in a mouse model of colitis induced by 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid that resembles human IBD. At a concentration of 4 g/kg/day, the goat whey improved the symptoms of intestinal inflammation, namely by decreasing the disease activity index, colonic weight/length, and leukocyte infiltration. Moreover, goat whey inhibited NF-κB p65 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways and consequently down-regulated the gene expression of various proinflammatory markers such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, iNOS, MMP-9, ICAM-1. Also, goat whey increased the expression of proteins such as mucins, occludin proteins and cytokine signalling suppressors. The immunomodulatory properties of goat whey were also evaluated in vitro using the murine macrophage cell line Raw 264 and CMT-93 cells derived from mouse rectum carci-nomas. The results revealed the ability of goat whey to inhibit the production of NO and reduce IL-6 production in LPS-stimulated cells. In conclusion, goat whey exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in the DNBS model of intestinal inflammation, and these observations were confirmed by its immunomodulatory properties in vitro. Together, our results indicate that goat whey could have applications for the treatment of IBD.

Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Aqueous Extract from Ipomoea asarifolia in DNBS-Induced Colitis in Rats

“…In addition, intestinal inflammation caused by DNBS induces shortening and thickening of the colonic tissue walls, therefore this was another parameter analyzed for characterization and differentiation of the inflammatory process [19,20,21] in the treated groups compared to the DNBS control. Beneficial effects of IA extract on the inflammatory process were observed, as it reduced the weight/length in all tested doses and SSZ (Figure 1d), thus corroborating the DAI and MDI data, revealing an improvement in the inflammatory process.…”

Traditional Drugs: Mechanisms of Immunosuppressor and Corticosteroid Therapies for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

“…In general, sulfasalazine treatment is able to reduce these signs and the colitis severity. Moreover, the drug significantly decreases the levels of inflammatory markers such as ROS [51], NF-KB, COX-2 [52], IL-6, TNF, IL-1 [53], NO [53], inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) [52], myeloperoxidase (MPO) [54], monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) [51], intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) [51], and LTB4 [55], which are frequently overexpressed in IBD and widely known to be involved in chronic inflammatory disorders. Taken together, these experimental findings pointed to different mechanisms of action of sulfasalazine in the control of innate inflammatory reactions in gut mucosa, with outstanding relevance to the disease outcome.…”

Physicochemical and sensory properties of goat cheeses and their fatty acid profile in relation to the geographic region of production

“…Results presented by Araújo et al . () suggest that goat whey may have an important role in preventing intestinal inflammation. This whey exerts a preventive effect against the intestinal damage induced by acetic acid, showing a similar efficacy to that shown by sulfasalazine, therefore making it a potential treatment for inflammatory bowel disease.…”