Gold and arsenic in iron sulfides from sediment-hosted disseminated gold deposits; implications for depositional processes

Arehart, Greg B.; Chryssoulis, Stephen L.; Kesler, Stephen E.

doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.88.1.171

Cited by 193 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Gold is present in arsenian pyrite as structurally-bound Au 1+ or Au-bearing nanoparticles, usually native Au and/or Au tellurides (Saunders, 1990;Simon et al, 1999a;Palenik et al, 2004;Ciobanu et al, 2012); Au 3+ incorporation has also been suggested (Arehart et al, 1993;Chouinard et al, 2005a) but to date, no spectroscopic confirmation has been reported.…”

Section: Gold Solubility and Speciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arsenian pyrite is the main host for Au in Carlin-type Au deposits in Nevada (Arehart et al, 1993;Cline et al, 2005). "Invisible" Au concentrates in growth zones of fine-grained (< 10 μm) pyrite that also contain significant amounts of Cu, Te, Hg, Sb, and Tl (Emsbo et al, 2003;Barker et al, 2009).…”

Section: Zoning Textures and Conditions Of Arsenian Pyrite Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Au-As-rich growth zones of pyrite precipitated on the surface of trace element-poor, pre-ore pyrite are a few nanometers to a few tens of microns thick. The pre-ore stage pyrite occurs as framboidal pyrite and/or subhedral to euhedral grains of pyrite up to 1 mm in diameter (Arehart et al, 1993;Simon et al, 1999b;Barker et al, 2009;Su et al, 2012). The growth zones of ore stage pyrite are porous and form spongy, colloform textures (Simon et al, 1999b;Palenik et al, 2004;Muntean et al, 2011).…”

Section: Zoning Textures and Conditions Of Arsenian Pyrite Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to ore deposits and environmental geochemistry because it hosts economically valuable amounts of Au associated with other metals and metalloids that can be enriched up to the weight percent (wt. %) level, including As, Hg, and Tl (e.g., Arehart et al, 1993;Cook and Chryssoulis, 1990;Chowdhurry et al, 1999;Hofstra and Cline, 2000;Smedley and Kinniburgh, 2002;Goldfarb et al, 2005;Reich et al, 2005;Seedorff et al, 2005;Simmons et al, 2005;Rickard and Luther, 2007;Large et al, 2009;Deditius et al, 2011;Reich et al, 2013). Previous studies have shown that pyrite microstructure is complex and can record valuable information about the chemical and isotopic evolution of the fluids from which it precipitates (e.g., Frimmel, 2005;Wagner and Boyce, 2006;Farquhar et al, 2007;Phillipot et al, 2007;Barker et al, 2009;Deditius et al, 2009a;Reich et al, 2013;Agangi et al, 2014;Ingham et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The coupled geochemistry of Au and As in pyrite from hydrothermal ore deposits

Deditius¹,

Reich²,

Kesler³

et al. 2014

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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471

205

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The ubiquity of Au-bearing arsenian pyrite in hydrothermal ore deposits suggests that the coupled geochemical behaviour of Au and As in this sulfide occurs under a wide range of physico-chemical conditions. Despite significant advances in the last 20 years, fundamental factors controlling Au and As ratios in pyrite from ore deposits remain poorly known. Here we explore these constraints using new and previously published EMPA, LA-ICP-MS, SIMS, and μ-PIXE analyses of As and Au in pyrite from Carlin-type Au, epithermal Au,

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Section: Gold Solubility and Speciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Zoning Textures and Conditions Of Arsenian Pyrite Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Zoning Textures and Conditions Of Arsenian Pyrite Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The coupled geochemistry of Au and As in pyrite from hydrothermal ore deposits

Deditius¹,

Reich²,

Kesler³

et al. 2014

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

Self Cite

471

205

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“…The recent work of Simon et al (1999) was done using a large beam on a concentrate of arsenian pyrite grains. Arehart et al (1993) quoted unpublished X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) measurements to suggest that gold enters the arsenopyrite structure in an oxidized form as Au 3+ . Li et al (1995) also reported results of XPS analyses of a mixed pyrite-arsenopyrite sample from the Jinya gold mine (China).…”

Section: Review Of Recent Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Speciation of Gold in Arsenopyrite

Cabri¹,

Newville

Gordon

et al. 2000

The Canadian Mineralogist

137

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The speciation of Au in gold-bearing arsenopyrite (FeAsS) from four gold deposits (Olympiada, Sentachan, São Bento and Sheba) was determined by micro-X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) on grains well characterized microscopically and by electron-microprobe and secondary-ion mass spectrometry analyses and images. "Invisible" gold in arsenopyrite occurs in two apparently mutually exclusive chemical forms: chemically bound and elemental. Arsenopyrite from the Sentachan, São Bento and Sheba deposits contains chemically bound gold. With comparable constituent electronegativities and a white-line feature in the XANES indicating unoccupied Au 5d-states, but absorption-edge positions comparable to Au 1+ species, the bonding is interpreted as being covalent rather than ionic. The invisible gold in arsenopyrite from the Olympiada deposit, on the other hand, occurs as very small particles of Au 0 , probably less than a few nanometers in diameter. Micro-XANES data for the Olympiada and Sentachan arsenopyrite support earlier results obtained by 197 Au Mössbauer spectroscopy on arsenopyrite concentrates. In some arsenopyrite crystals, the gold concentration is closely related to growth zoning. This feature represents conditions during crystallization and does not correlate with the chemical form of the gold. Similarly, selenium, where present, correlates with gold in some deposits and not in others, irrespective of the gold speciation. The finding of two types of invisible gold in arsenopyrite from different deposits has beneficial implications for extractive metallurgy.

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Rapid detection of arsenic minerals using portable broadband NQR

Lehmann-Horn

Miljak

O’Dell

et al. 2014

Geophysical Research Letters

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The remote real-time detection of specific arsenic species would significantly benefit in minerals processing to mitigate the release of arsenic into aquatic environments and aid in selective mining. At present, there are no technologies available to detect arsenic minerals in bulk volumes outside of laboratories. Here we report on the first room-temperature broadband 75 As nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) detection of common and abundant arsenic ores in the Earth crust using a large sample (0.78 L) volume prototype sensor. Broadband excitation aids in detection of natural minerals with low crystallinity. We briefly discuss how the proposed NQR detector could be employed in mining operations.

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Gold and arsenic in iron sulfides from sediment-hosted disseminated gold deposits; implications for depositional processes

Cited by 193 publications

References 11 publications

The coupled geochemistry of Au and As in pyrite from hydrothermal ore deposits

The coupled geochemistry of Au and As in pyrite from hydrothermal ore deposits

Chemical Speciation of Gold in Arsenopyrite

Rapid detection of arsenic minerals using portable broadband NQR

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