GOLD assessment of COPD severity in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD)

Rebordosa, Cristina; Plana, Estel; Aguado, Jaume; Thomas, Steven; García-Gil, Esther; Perez‐Gutthann, Susana; Castellsagué, Jordi

doi:10.1002/pds.4448

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…2 As the pathophysiology of irreversible disease 3 causes airway limitation that develops into fibrosis, enlarged alveolar affecting gas exchange and diffusion 4 can be identified with a clinical pulmonary function test. 5 Strong evidence reported that chronic inflammation and recurrent infection are related to higher oxidants in COPD patients, 6 which is consistent with a previous study on the levels of nitric oxide and lipid peroxide in such patients when compared to healthy people, 7 as well as another report on the high level of malondialdehyde (MDA) from lipid peroxidation and low level of glutathione (GSH) or total antioxidant capacity (TAC). 8 Although there is less evidence to confirm the relationship between high oxidative stress and low physical function, dominant skeletal dysfunction, muscle atrophy and sarcopenia have been reported, 9 but unfavorable function and low physical activity were presented in most COPD patients.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…8 Although there is less evidence to confirm the relationship between high oxidative stress and low physical function, dominant skeletal dysfunction, muscle atrophy and sarcopenia have been reported, 9 but unfavorable function and low physical activity were presented in most COPD patients. 5 Moreover, high oxidative stress reportedly related to high inflammation status in COPD patients. 10 For instance, previous reports proved that overexpression of tumor necrotic factor-alpha (TNF-∝) in the lung induced the release of superoxide radicals from the macrophage or neutrophils, 11 and a dominantly high level was found in the blood of COPD patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prototype Star Fruit-Honey Product and Effectiveness on Antixidants, Inflammation and Walking Distance in Participants with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Pothasak¹,

Leelarungrayub²,

Natakankitkul³

et al. 2020

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Background: Star fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) is a seasonal fruit, which has proven antioxidant and inflammation activities in vitro. However, sweet-type is more available than sour-type. Therefore, developing a new product from sweet-type star fruit, and evaluating its effectiveness on antioxidants and inflammation have been very challenging. Objectives: The aims were to develop a prototype product from sweet-type star fruit and evaluate its effectiveness with or without walking exercise on participants with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: The prototype product of sweet-type star fruit was prepared industrially by mixing with honey before nutrients such as L-ascorbic acid (Vit C) and total phenolic compound, and contaminants like chemicals, microbials and oxalic acid were evaluated. Effectiveness of this product on antioxidents, inflammation and physical function was evaluated in participants with stable COPD with and without walking exercise, and compared to walking exercise and control participants. Two spoons of the product (20 g) in sterile warm water (150 mL) were guided and consumed twice daily for 4 weeks, whereas the walking exercise was prescribed with moderate intensity at home for 30 min 3 days per week. Plasma Vit C, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrotic factoralpha (TNF-∝) and 6-minutes walking distance (6MWD) were evaluated before and after the 4-week study period. Results: The prototype product composed of star fruit juice with honey (1:1, v:v). Main nutrients were composed of ash (0.4 g), carbohydrate (74.59 g), lipid (2.88 g), protein (0.57 g) and 326.56 kcal of total energy, whereas Vit C and total phenolic compound were equivalent to 0.25 ± 0.11 mg and 144.89 ± 2.51 µg gallic acid equivalent in a 100 gram of product. The results of chemicals and microbials showed safety under food conditions. The results of study compared the ages of stable COPD participants between those of the controls (n=10, 69.20±1.40 years), and those with star fruit juice and honey supplement (n=20, 71.25 ± 6.01 years), walking exercise (n=15, 60.60±3.38 years), and supplement with walking exercise (n=15, 64.40±1.63 years) and no statistical difference was shown in any parameters in the control group. Whereas, the plasma Vit C and TAC levels increased, and MDA and TNF-∝ levels reduced significantly, in the supplement consumption group, which was in contrast to the Vit C, MDA and TNF-∝ levels in the walking exercise group. However, the TAC level increased significantly when the walking exercise was completed. When the prototype product was applied to the walking exercise, the levels of Vit C and TAC increased, and MDA and TNF-∝ levels reduced significantly. Whereas, the supplement levels increased significantly in all of the groups, especially in the 6MWD. Conclusion: This study proposed that sweet-type star fruit can be prepared industrially by mixing with honey, and be developed as a new commercial product with antioxidant and inflammation activities for p...

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prototype Star Fruit-Honey Product and Effectiveness on Antixidants, Inflammation and Walking Distance in Participants with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Pothasak¹,

Leelarungrayub²,

Natakankitkul³

et al. 2020

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“…COPD-specific measures were: COPD Assessment Test (CAT) scale, modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale, lung function (forced expiratory volume in the first second [FEV1] % predicted), and number of previous COPD exacerbations during the 18-month baseline period (moderate or severe, as defined by Punekar et al [28]). These were combined as shown in Supplementary Figure S1 to define COPD severity as significant or non-significant [29,30].…”

Section: Baseline Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of Pertussis in COPD: A Retrospective Database Study in England

Aris

Harrington

Bhavsar

et al. 2021

COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may increase the risk and severity of pertussis infection. Health care resource utilization (HCRU) and direct medical costs (DMC) of treating pertussis among patients with COPD are unknown. Reported incidence of pertussis among individuals aged ! 50 years with COPD was assessed in Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episode Statistics databases during 2009-2018 using a retrospective cohort design. HCRU and DMC from the National Health Service perspective were compared between patients with COPD and pertussis and propensity score-matched patients with COPD without pertussis. Seventy-eight new pertussis events were identified among 387 086 patients with COPD aged ! 50 years (incidence rate: 4.73; 95% confidence interval 3.74-5.91 per 100 000 person-years). HCRU and DMC were assessed among 67 patients with COPD and pertussis and 267 matched controls. During the month before the pertussis diagnosis, the rates of general practitioner (GP)/nurse visits (4289 vs. 1774 per 100 patient-years) and accident and emergency visits (182 vs. 18 per 100 patient-years) were higher in the pertussis cohort; GP/nurse visits (2935 vs. 1705 per 100 patient-years) were also higher during the following 2 months (all p < 0.001). During the month before the pertussis diagnosis, annualized per-patient total DMC were £2012 higher in the pertussis cohort (£3729 vs. £1717; p < 0.001); during the following 2 months, they were £2407 higher (£5498 vs. £3091; p < 0.001). In conclusion, a pertussis episode among individuals with COPD resulted in significant increases in HCRU and DMC around the pertussis event.

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“…In prevalence research, the lack of symptoms criteria is challenging. In fact, in the ABCD classification of COPD, MRC > 2 is required to be classified as B or D . Therefore, people with COPD classified as A or B, by definition, have an MRC score of 1–2 and therefore the symptom threshold of MRC score > 2 used in the study may be too high.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and predictors of airflow obstruction in an HIV tertiary care clinic in Montreal, Canada: a cross‐sectional study

et al. 2019

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Objectives The reported prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) in people living with HIV ( PLWHIV ) varies widely. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of airflow obstruction and COPD in unselected PLWHIV and identify characteristics that increase the risk of nonreversible airflow obstruction in order to guide case finding strategies for COPD . Methods All adults attending the Chronic Viral Illness Service were invited to participate in the study, regardless of smoking status or history of known COPD /asthma. Individuals underwent spirometric testing both before and after use of a salbutamol bronchodilator. Airflow obstruction was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s ( FEV 1 )/forced vital capacity ( FVC ) < 0.7 post‐bronchodilation, whereas COPD was defined as FEV 1 / FVC < 0.7 post‐bronchodilation and Medical Research Council ( MRC ) score > 2. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate risk factors associated with airflow obstruction, reported as adjusted odds ratios ( aORs ). Results Five hundred and three participants successfully completed spirometry testing. The median (Q1; Q3) age was 52 (44; 58) years. The median (Q1; Q3) CD 4 count was 598 (438; 784) cells/μL and the median (Q1; Q3) nadir CD 4 count was 224 (121; 351) cells/μL. There were 119 (24%) current smokers and 145 (29%) former smokers. Among those screened, 54 (11%) had airflow obstruction whereas three (1%) of the participants had COPD . Factors that were associated with airflow obstruction included a history of smoking [ aOR 2.2; 95% confidence interval ( CI ) 1.1; 4.7], older age (aOR 1.6; 95% CI 1.2; 2.2), and lower CD 4 count (aOR 0.8; 95% CI 0.7; 1.0). Conclusions Airflow obstruction was relatively uncommon. Our findings suggest that PLWHIV who are ≥50 years old, smokers and those with nadir CD 4 counts ≤ 200 cells/μL could be targeted to undergo spirometry to diagnose chronic airflow obstruction.

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GOLD assessment of COPD severity in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD)

Cited by 19 publications

References 14 publications

Prototype Star Fruit-Honey Product and Effectiveness on Antixidants, Inflammation and Walking Distance in Participants with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Prototype Star Fruit-Honey Product and Effectiveness on Antixidants, Inflammation and Walking Distance in Participants with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Burden of Pertussis in COPD: A Retrospective Database Study in England

Prevalence and predictors of airflow obstruction in an HIV tertiary care clinic in Montreal, Canada: a cross‐sectional study

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