Gold Nanoparticles as Potential Radiosensitizing and Cytotoxic Agents

Корман, Д. Б.; Ostrovskaya, L. A.; Bluhterova, N. V.; Рыкова, В. А.; Фомина, М. М.

doi:10.1134/s0006350921060063

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Due to the electron active surface of GNPs, they have the ability to produce ROS via electron transfer to molecular oxygen, where the introduction of irradiation could augment this effect (Chen et al 2020 ). Furthermore, it has been suggested that GNPs bind to thiol-containing endogenous reducing agents of cells, such as glutathione and N-acetyl cysteine; thus decreasing the antioxidant levels (Korman et al 2021 ; Her et al 2017 ). However, the precise underlying mechanisms that contribute to the radiosensitization and the extent at which they contribute still remains to be fully understood, and further research is required to elucidate the exact mechanisms behind the observed radiosensitization and their contribution at clinically relevant MeV energies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual enhancement in the radiosensitivity of prostate cancer through nanoparticles and chemotherapeutics

Jackson,

Hill,

Alhussan

et al. 2023

Cancer Nano

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Background Radiotherapy (RT) is an essential component in the treatment regimens for many cancer patients. However, the dose escalation required to improve curative results is hindered due to the normal tissue toxicity that is induced. The introduction of radiosensitizers to RT treatment is an avenue that is currently being explored to overcome this issue. By introducing radiosensitizers into tumor sites, it is possible to preferentially enhance the local dose deposited. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are a potential candidate that have shown great promise in increasing the radiosensitivity of cancer cells through an enhancement in DNA damage. Furthermore, docetaxel (DTX) is a chemotherapeutic agent that arrests cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, the phase most sensitive to radiation damage. We hypothesized that by incorporating DTX to GNP-enhanced radiotherapy treatment, we could further improve the radiosensitization experienced by cancer cells. To assess this strategy, we analyzed the radiotherapeutic effects on monolayer cell cultures in vitro, as well as on a mice prostate xenograft model in vivo while using clinically feasible concentrations for both GNPs and DTX. Results The introduction of DTX to GNP-enhanced radiotherapy further increased the radiotherapeutic effects experienced by cancer cells. A 38% increase in DNA double-strand breaks was observed with the combination of GNP/DTX vs GNP alone after a dose of 2 Gy was administered. In vivo results displayed significant reduction in tumor growth over a 30-day observation period with the treatment of GNP/DTX/RT when compared to GNP/RT after a single 5 Gy dose was given to mice. The treatment strategy also resulted in 100% mice survival, which was not observed for other treatment conditions. Conclusions Incorporating DTX to work in unison with GNPs and RT can increase the efficacy of RT treatment. Our study suggests that the treatment strategy could improve tumor control through local dose enhancement. As the concentrations used in this study are clinically feasible, there is potential for this strategy to be translated into clinical settings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%