“…[1][2][3][4] So far, many kinds of geometrical shaped MNPs, such as nano-rod, nano-cube, nano-disk, nano-ring, nano-star, nano-crescent, nano-sphere, nano-shell, have been fabricated successfully by methods of electron beam lithography, focused ion beam lithography, nano-sphere lithography, colloidal lithography, nanoimprint lithography, and solution phase synthesis, etc. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Among these MNPs, the local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak of hollow MNPs (nano-ring and nano-shell) can be easily tuned to the near-infrared region while still keeping the particle size and detecting volume based on the plasmon hybridization effect. 13 And, the refractive index sensitivity (RIS) of hollow MNPs is higher than the corresponding solid MNPs due to the long wavelength of bonding mode.…”