Golden Eagle<i>Aquila chrysaetos</i>breeding success and afforestation in Argyll

Watson, J.

doi:10.1080/00063659209477120

Cited by 30 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Large-scale afforestation, particularly in Galloway and Argyll, has probably caused the loss of breeding pairs from some home-ranges and the reduction in the breeding success of others (Marquiss et al 1985, Watson 1992, Whitfield et al 2001. However, such reduction in breeding success is unlikely to have caused a population level effect, and the rate of new tree planting has decreased markedly in recent years (RSPB 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of Golden EagleAquila chrysaetosin Britain in 2003

Eaton¹,

Dillon²,

Stirling-Aird³

et al. 2007

Bird Study

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of Golden EagleAquila chrysaetosin Britain in 2003

Eaton¹,

Dillon²,

Stirling-Aird³

et al. 2007

Bird Study

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“…In Scotland, extensive afforestation (i.e., planting even-aged stands of exotic conifers) reduced the availability of eagle foraging habitat (Marquiss er al. 1985, Watson 1992. When eagles do hunt wooded terrain, they concentrate on openings between stands of trees, openings which are not available in nursery stands.…”

Section: D Q Oak @Hot0 By John Gilad)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A pilot golden eagle population study in the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area, California

Hunt

1995

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NREL/TP-44 1 -7821 UC Category: 1 2 1 0 DE95009220This pilblici~Iioll wus reproduced from the best iivaili\ble camera-ready copy submilled by the subcontractor and received no editorial review at NREL. NOTICEThis report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government.Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof GOLDEN EAGLE POPULATION PROJECT i EXECUTIVE SUMMARYDuring 1994, the Predatory Bird Research Group, University of California, Santa Cruz, conducted a preliminary field investigation of the ecology of golden eagles (Aquila chrymem) in the vicinity of the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area (WRA). The facility contains about 6,500 wind turbines on 189 km2 just east of San Francisco Bay in California. Grassland and oak savanna habitats surrounding the WRA support a substantial population of golden eagles. Each year, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service receives reports from the wind industry of about 30 golden eagle casualties occurring at the WRA, with over 90 percent attributed to collisions with wind turbines. The purpose of this pilot study was to clarify and set in motion a research program that will identify (1) the effect of turbine-related mortality on the golden eagle population, (2) factors attracting eagles to the WRA, and (3) conditions that increase the risk of turbine strikes.To show the distribution of the population potentially impacted and to obtain survival data, we radio-tagged 31 adult and subadult eagles in the WRA vicinity during January and February 1994 and an additional 25 juveniles from nests surrounding the WRA in spring. Each transmitter contained a mortality sensor and was expected to last five years. Throughout 1994, we determined the location and status of each eagle in twice-weekly airplane roll-call surveys.Of the 31 winter-tagged eagles, 5 were members of pairs breeding near the WRA. Of the remaining 26 birds, 19 were subadults and seven were non-breeding adults (floaters). Over the course of the year, four (15 %) of the 26 non-breeders either departed the region or their radios failed. The remainder traveled within the northern Diablo Range which extends from the Qakland Hills southeast to San Luis Reservoir, an area of about 3,500 km2, for which we developed a digitized (GIS) vegetation map from satellite photographs. Our findings suggest that at least three-quarters of the golden eagles frequenting the WRA vicinity in winter are yearround residents of the Diablo Range.T...

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“…In Europe it has an unfavourable conservation status, with population declines reported for various countries (Watson, 1994;Haller and Sackl, 1997). It is a good model species to investigate the impact of landscape changes because (1) it has been repeatedly demonstrated to be sensitive to afforestation and loss of open habitats (Marquiss et al, 1985;Watson, 1992;Whitfield et al, 2001); (2) it is a wide ranging species, difficult to preserve through site-protection, and better managed through conservation plans that integrate protection of the environment with other land-uses (Watson, 1991;Watson and Whitfield, 2002;Sergio et al, 2005a);and (3) it is included in the Annex 1 of the European Union Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds (79/409/ECC), which must be implemented by member states, and which requires investigation of habitat requirements and conservation of habitat features insuring survival and reproduction of the listed species (e.g., Watson and Whitfield, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive range selection by golden eagles in a changing landscape: A multiple modelling approach

Pedrini

Rizzolli

Marchesi

2006

Biological Conservation

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Land abandonmentNest-site selection Woodland expansion A B S T R A C T and abandonment is causing considerable woodland expansion in many mountainous areas of Europe, with potential repercussions on conservation-sensitive species typical of open habitats. We examined the potential impact of such changes on an alpine golden eagle population, by estimating the ranges potentially used by the eagles for foraging through different techniques (concentric circles of different radii and a tessellationmethod based on telemetry data). Compared to randomly located territories, eagles selected ranges farther away from conspecifics, characterised by a rugged topography and rich in main prey species and in open habitats favoured by their main prey species, such as grassland, shrubs, xerophytic vegetation and rocky outcrops. Similarly, nest spacing and breeding success were related to the availability of optimal foraging habitats, also favoured by the main prey species of the eagles. Even though woodland-variables did not enter any of the stepwise models, eagles were dependent on grassland habitats, currently lost to woodland at a rate of about 0.5-1% per year, and on shrub vegetation rapidly evolving into woodland, which accounted on average for almost 10% of the eagle ranges. Longterm loss of such habitat may imply up to a 66% woodland increase for some eagle ranges.Given the complexity of the uncovered relationships and difficulty to make firm predictions, subsidies to halt the abandonment of traditional agro-pastoral practices seem urgently needed.

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Golden EagleAquila chrysaetosbreeding success and afforestation in Argyll

Cited by 30 publications

References 3 publications

Status of Golden EagleAquila chrysaetosin Britain in 2003

Status of Golden EagleAquila chrysaetosin Britain in 2003

A pilot golden eagle population study in the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area, California

Adaptive range selection by golden eagles in a changing landscape: A multiple modelling approach

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