Goloba kusi (Hornstedtia scottiana [F. Muell.] K. Schum.) fruit as a feed additive to improve the histological structures and growth performance of broiler

Abstract

Background and Aim: The broiler farming industry in Indonesia has enormous potential, with chicken meat that can be optimized by providing adequate and high-quality feed. However, the main raw material for the feed still relies on imported products, which makes it necessary to produce alternative materials from native plants. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of giving Goloba kusi fruit (GF) (Hornstedtia scottiana [F. Muell.] K. Schum.) on the growth of the small intestine, pectoralis major, and gastrocnemius muscle, as well as the development of broiler chickens. Materials and Methods: This study used a completely randomized design, in which 300 day-old Chicks were divided into five groups, consisting of 12 chickens in each group with five replications. The GF treatments, namely, 0% (control [CON]), 0.625% (GF1), 1.25% (GF2), 2.5% (GF3), and 5% (GF4) were administered through per kg basal feed. Subsequently, three chickens from each replication were taken, decapitated on the neck, subjected to surgery for histological preparations, and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Periodic acid-Schiff-alcian blue. The variables observed included small intestine morphology, muscle morphology, and chicken growth performance. Results: The results showed that the small intestine morphology, muscle morphology, and chicken growth performance of the GF4 (5%) group increased significantly compared to the CON group. Conclusion: The administration of GF with an optimum concentration of 5% through basal feed improves small intestine morphology, muscle morphology, and chicken growth performance.

Dietary macroalgae Chaetomorpha linum supplementation improves morphology of small intestine and pectoral muscle, growth performance, and meat quality of broilers

“…The flavonoid in CL also possesses an antioxidant activity that enlarges the myofiber area and protects against free radicals [79,92]. Other experiments have also yielded similar results in which flavonoids play a role in myofiber and fascicle growth [61,72]. Several studies have also reported that flavonoid inclusion in chicken diets directly improves muscle weight [29,93] and induces protein synthesis to promote muscle growth [94].…”

“…The small intestine is one of the prime organs in the digestive tract that absorbs nutrients [ 60 ]. Nutrient absorption efficiency depends on the small intestine’s structure, such as villi length, crypt depth, and the number of goblet cells that secrete mucin [ 61 ]. To achieve the optimal health of poultry, the small intestine should also be healthy.…”

“…Pectoral muscle (PM) growth is considered an important factor in evaluating the feeding regime and overall chicken growth [ 77 , 78 ]. The reason is that PM has the lowest fat deposits compared to other parts [ 61 , 79 ]. The present study showed that the administration of CL supplements at concentrations of 1.5% and 3% gave positive results on PM growth.…”