Goma de cajueiro (Anacardium occidentale): avaliação das modificações químicas e físicas por extrusão termoplástica

Andrade, Karen; Carvalho, Carlos Wanderlei Piler de; Takeiti, C. Y.; Azeredo, H. M. C. de; Correa, Jeferson da Silva; Caldas, Camila M.

doi:10.4322/polimeros.2013.004

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Powder X‐Ray Diffraction patterns and the DSC thermograms of the individual polysaccharides, SD, and SD‐loaded matrix beads, presented in Figure A,B, are used to investigate the drug's polymorphism after encapsulation. The P‐XRD patterns of SA and AG polysaccharides are similar to the patterns reported in the literature . The patterns show the presence of semicrystalline regions with 2 broad peaks at 2θ of 13.4° and 22.9° and 12.9° and 22°, for SA and AG, respectively.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Formulation characterization and in vitro evaluation of acacia gum–calcium alginate beads for oral drug delivery systems

Benfattoum

Haddadine

Bouslah

et al. 2017

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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In the present work, new matrix bead formulations based on linear and branched polysaccharides have been developed using an ionic gelation technique, and their potential use as oral drug carriers has been evaluated. Using calcium chloride as a cross-linking agent and sodium diclofenac (SD), as a model drug, acacia gum-calcium alginate matrix beads were formulated.The response surface methodology based on 3 2 factorial design was used as a statistical method to evaluate and optimize the effects of the biopolymers-blend ratio and the concentration of calcium chloride on the particle size (mm), density (g/cm 3 ), drug encapsulation efficiency (%), and the cumulative drug release after 8 hours (R 8h ,%). The optimized beads with the highest drug encapsulation efficiency were examined for a drug-excipients compatibility by powder X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermo-gravimetric analysis, and Fourier transforminfrared spectroscopy analyses. The swelling and degradation of the matrix beads were found to be influenced by the pH of medium. Higher degrees of swelling were observed in intestinal pH than in stomach pH. Accordingly, the drug release study showed that the amount of SD released from the acacia gum-calcium alginate beads was higher in intestinal pH than in stomach pH. Therefore, the in vitro drug release from the SD-loaded beads appears to follow the controlledrelease (Hixson-Crowell) pattern involving a case-2 transport mechanism operated by swelling and relaxation of the polymeric blend matrix. KEYWORDS acacia gum-calcium alginate, beads, branched polysaccharide, linear polysaccharide, oral drug delivery 1 | INTRODUCTION Polysaccharides represent a class of natural chemical compounds characterized by repetitive structural units with a wide degree of dispersion. 1 A growing interest in these chemical compounds has resulted in the identification of a number of important biochemical and biomedical applications, not only because of their low cost, biocompatibility, biodegradability, high swelling capability, and stability in various pHs but also because of their potential use in controlled drug delivery systems. 1-4 Different forms of natural polysaccharides such as nanostructures, 5,6 films, 7 tablets, 8,9 and hydrogels 10 have been reported in the literature. Recently, attention has been focused on the development of ionic polysaccharide hydrogel beads for use as oral drug carriers. 11 Different ionic polysaccharide beads based on sodium alginate (SA), 12 chitosan, 13 and pectin 14 have been extensively developed and examined for the encapsulation of a wide range of drugs. 15,16 However, major limitations of these ionic beads are the small drug encapsulation capacity due to drug leaching through the pores and the fast degradation in alkaline pH media resulting in burst release of drugs. 17 To overcome the limitations of these ionic polysaccharide beads, the combination of ionic and natural polysaccharides has been proposed. 18,19 Most of the reported results using this approach are based ...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Formulation characterization and in vitro evaluation of acacia gum–calcium alginate beads for oral drug delivery systems

Benfattoum

Haddadine

Bouslah

et al. 2017

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…XRD diffractograms for Arabic gum and tannin sources are shown in Figures S2 and S3 (Supplemental Materials). The Arabic gum diffractogram shows two wide bands centered at 18° and 35°, similar to that shown in the literature [24]. Regarding the tannin sources, no differences between the natural galls (nut and oak) were detected, showing two broad bands centered at 15° and 22°.…”

Section: Ingredientssupporting

confidence: 87%

Study of Iron Gall Inks, Ingredients and Paper Composition Using Non-Destructive Techniques

et al. 2019

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Old manuscripts are among the most important elements of the cultural and historical heritage of ancient knowledge. Unfortunately, many of them suffer from degradation, mostly those written with iron gall inks. In the present work, a study using non-destructive techniques was designed with the aim of analyzing the elemental composition and structural characteristics of iron gall inks, reproduced in laboratory, paper and their interaction when the ink is deposited on paper, inducing the paper degradation. Proton induced X-ray emission, X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy provided the elemental and structural information, and photography under infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) light allowed the differentiation between manufactured inks. Results show that the first step of inked paper deterioration is due to acid-hydrolysis of the cellulose and the presence of reactive Fe(II) species by reducing the crystallinity index of the paper, which is affected depending on the ink recipe and the starting raw materials. These results will be useful to future studies on ancient documents written with iron gall inks, which suffer deterioration due to ink corrosion, and to differentiate between the different paper degradation mechanisms.

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“…All data sets were well fit by the Ostwald de Waale ( R 2 2 > 0.992), with power indices ranging from n = 0.5341 to 1.1330, which demonstrates that carrageenan differed from commercial samples in flow behavior behaviors. Andrade et al () also related the same rheological behavior of extruded arabic and cashew tree gums. It was now demonstrated that the use of extrusion process enhanced the physical properties for the carrageenan gum.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Thermoplastic extrusion was performed in a co-rotating twin screw extruder model Evolum HT25 (Clextral, Firminy, France) equipped with an 8-mm circular die, length:diameter ratio of 40:1 and 10 temperature zones (Vargas-Solórzano, Carvalho, Takeiti, Ascheri, & Queiroz, 2014). Preliminary tests were conduct in order to define process parameters according to Andrade et al (2013). The screw speed and temperature profile were settled according to Table 1 and controlled by Clextral CPU unit.…”

Section: Thermoplastic Extrusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrusion of λ‐carrageenan gum: Physical properties and in vitro bifidogenic effect

Oliveira

Carvalho

Nascimento

et al. 2019

J Food Process Preserv

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Extrusion was used as a tool for modifying carrageenan gum. Increased extrusion temperature and shear led to a considerable decrease in dissolution time (DT) (7,200 to 30 s) and faster solubilization (30 to 7 s) when coarse particle sizes (> 212 µm) and hot water were used (p < 0.05). Extrusion process has also altered morphology and white index, in which fines were whiter than larger particles as well as bulk density, crystallinity, and GAB parameters are affected by particle distribution. The apparent viscosity at zero‐shear rate of non‐extruded gum was 0.10 Pa.s whereas values of extruded particles ranged from 0.17 to 0.55 Pa.s, evidencing that larger particle size corresponded to lower viscosity. Even after carrageenan’s polysaccharide molecular disaggregation by extrusion, it maintained high fiber content (minimum 38%). Both extruded and non‐extruded gum stimulated the growth of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (Bb 12) in in vitro experiment, suggesting a bifidogenic effect. Practical applications Carrageenan presents poor aqueous dissolution, hindering direct application in liquid foods. Besides, marine‐based ingredients are unexploited sources of bioactive compounds. In this context, thermoplastic extrusion was used as a strategy to reduce its high viscosity, modify the physical properties, and increase the gum use. The results showed that extrusion enhanced dissolution properties and extruded λ‐carrageenan gum presented high dietary fiber content (>38%), suggesting in vitro bifidogenic effect. In terms of industrial applications, extruded carrageenan is promising as a food supplement fiber product.

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Goma de cajueiro (Anacardium occidentale): avaliação das modificações químicas e físicas por extrusão termoplástica

Cited by 32 publications

References 6 publications

Formulation characterization and in vitro evaluation of acacia gum–calcium alginate beads for oral drug delivery systems

Formulation characterization and in vitro evaluation of acacia gum–calcium alginate beads for oral drug delivery systems

Study of Iron Gall Inks, Ingredients and Paper Composition Using Non-Destructive Techniques

Extrusion of λ‐carrageenan gum: Physical properties and in vitro bifidogenic effect

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