Goniochromatic and sparkle properties of effect pigmented samples in multidimensional configuration

Höpe, Andreas; Hauer, Kai-Olaf; Teichert, Sven; Hünerhoff, D.; Strothkämper, Christian

doi:10.1117/12.2078727

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…So many questions about texture effect remain [5]: visual detection distance, measurement geometries, influence of illuminance level, effect of the spectral distribution of the light source employed, discrimination tasks vs. grading, influence of the color sample (hue, lightness or chroma), etc. Although these new texture effects are important for the visual appearance of many materials, very few studies have addressed these issues [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The only mathematical relationship known about the algorithm used in BYK-mac is the following equation:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual and instrumental correlation of sparkle by the magnitude estimation method

et al. 2016

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Received XX Month XXXX; revised XX Month, XXXX; accepted XX Month XXXX; posted XX Month XXXX (Doc. ID XXXXX); published XX Month XX Most real surfaces and objects show variation in appearance with viewing and illumination directions. Besides angular dependency, they also show spatial variation in color; i.e. they exhibit some sort of texture. Of the surfaces we see, surfaces colored by special-effect pigments produce several complex visual effects, like change in color and lightness with viewing and illumination angles, and effects like sparkle and gloss on other textures.In the last two decades, different commercial devices have appeared to help ensure the proper characterization of materials with special-effect pigments. However, the instrumental characterization of sparkle is currently available only by a commercial device integrated into a multi-angle spectrophotometer. As it is difficult to find complete open original studies about the sparkle effect for designing and calibrating this commercial instrument, the main objective of this work was to check whether a good visual and instrumental correlation exists between the sparkle that the observer perceives and the sparkle value provided by the device using some subsets of goniochromatic samples with different types of special-effect pigments and colors. Visual assessments were made by a conventional magnitude estimation method in a directional lighting booth, which belonged to the same company owner of the sparkle instrument, in different geometries and at distinct illuminance levels.The results revealed that there was a good visual correlation of the sparkle-grade value. By separately analyzing the factors used in its instrument algorithm, such as sparkle intensity and sparkle-area values, it was clearly shown that the correlation was not good or simply did not exist. Consequently, and perhaps as regards choice of new special-effect pigments, such as synthetic mica and other future ones, we generated herein even more questions about current mathematical algorithms, and only recognized calculating this texture effect at the industrial level.

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