The worldwide school closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic have caused a rapid transition from traditional to emergency remote teaching. On the other hand, during this emergency, remote teaching, deliberate planning, and design of distance learning processes had to be overlooked to provide a quick solution for the disruption of face-to-face education globally. The aim of this chapter is to shed light on what could be done to make online courses effective, efficient, and attractive by embodying the elements that can be included in the instructional design of online courses for future online distance education practices that might be applied during emergency remote teaching. The elements that will be discussed in the chapter will be elaborated in relation to general principles of instructional design, teaching methods and techniques, instructional technologies, teaching materials and media, learner-teacher-content interaction, and feedback.