Goodbye Germany! The influence of personality and cognitive factors on the intention to work abroad

Assessing the measurement invariance of the four-dimensional cultural intelligence scale across countries: A composite model approach

“…All the resulting cross-validated redundancy values Q 2 were above zero, supporting the model's predictive accuracy. This result was also supported by the R 2 values, which suggest that the model has satisfactory in-sample predictive power compared to prior research in this domain (e.g., Engle et al, 2015;Remhof et al, 2013Remhof et al, , 2014. When analyzing the path coefficient estimates, we find that, in the samples from Turkey and the U.S., cognitive CQ exerts a significantly positive effect on expatriate intention, providing partial support for Hypothesis 1.…”

“…Our findings regarding the metacognitive and behavioral CQ dimensions' missing impacts suggest that these dimensions influence expatriation intention indirectly through more proximal (i.e., mediating) determinants, such as self-efficacy and perceived behavioral control (e.g., Engle et al, 2015;Remhof et al, 2014). Thus, future research should go beyond the analysis of direct effects and should draw on intentional theoretical frameworks, such as the model of goal-directed behavior (Perugini & Bagozzi, 2001), to examine the underlying mechanisms that link individuals' CQ and their expatriation intentions.…”

“…First, our results are based on self-reported data and a cross-sectional study design, which limit inference on the causality of the relationships between the CQ dimensions and expatriation intentions. Given the cross-sectional design, we could not examine whether expatriation intention turns into actual behavior; that is, whether the participants actually started working as an expatriateda limitation that is common to previous studies of expatriation intention (e.g., Froese et al, 2013;Mol et al, 2009;Remhof et al, 2014). Although individuals' behaviors may be determined by various factors, meta-analytic evidence shows that an individual's intention is one of the main determinants of de facto behaviors across a variety of domains (Armitage & Conner, 2001)dincluding expatriation (Tharenou, 2003).…”

“…In line with prior research on the determinants of individuals' expatriation intentions (e.g., Engle et al, 2015;Froese, Jommersbach, & Klautzsch, 2013;Lowe, Downes, & Kroeck, 1999;Mol et al, 2009;Remhof, Gunkel, & Schlaegel, 2014), we used business students as sampling units to ensure comparability across samples and with previous studies (e.g., Bello, Leung, Radebaugh, Tung, & Van Witteloostuijn, 2009;Tsui, Nifadkar, & Ou, 2007). Student samples are more homogenous than non-student samples (van de Vijver & Leung, 1997), and thus, reduce the impact of influencing factors other than national context, such as socioeconomic status, education, work experience, and age.…”

Cultural Intelligence: A Review and New Research Avenues

“…Finally, Remhof et al . () demonstrate that openness and extraversion are mediated by motivational CQ to increase an individual's intention to work abroad, and recommend that recruitment and selection for international assignments consider this relationship. The above findings could not have been derived at by only examining CQ in direct relationships; thus, additional examinations using moderation and mediation are needed to understand the complex role of CQ more generally, and with regards to expatriation.…”