Gossypol in Cottonseed, Influence of Variety of Cottonseed and Environment

Pons, Walter A.; Hoffpauir, Carroll L.; Hopper, T. H.

doi:10.1021/jf60018a007

Cited by 37 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Therefore, calculated values closely reflect actual mixed feed levels. This observation has been made and commented on by other researchers (22).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Laboratory analysis for total and FG concentration in the mixed rations fed was considerably lower than the calculated means. The standard analytical method used to determine FG concentrations in CSM is unsatisfactory when it is applied to mixed feeds (22). The problem with the standard method is that incomplete recovery of FG from feed mixtures and the extraction of other feed constituents interfere in subsequent colorimetric determinations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gossypol, a polyphenolic binaphthyl aldehyde contained in the seed pigment glands, is released during the extraction process (I, 3,21). The gossypol content of CSM is influenced by the species of cotton plant, growing conditions, and the method of oil extraction used (8,22,27). Because gossypol is toxic to animals, a limiting factor of CSM is its potential toxicological effect (8,10,16,18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Graded Concentrations of Gossypol on Calf Performance: Toxicological and Pathological Considerations

Risco

Holmberg²,

Kutches³

1992

Journal of Dairy Science

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The effects of feeding diets containing 0, 100, 200, 400, or 800 ppm of free gossypol were examined in 60 Holstein bull calves from 1 to 120 d of age. The concentrations of free gossypol were varied by varying amounts of cottonseed meals from three different sources. Cottonseed meal totaled 31% of each treatment ration. Feed consumption, BW, and blood parameters were collected on all calves at 30-d intervals throughout the trial. There were no significant differences between the groups for feed consumption, BW, or average daily gain. Changes in the group means for hematology and chemistry variables examined were modest and insufficient to distinguish diagnostically between safe and unsafe free gossypol concentrations for the different groups. Clinical evidence of disease was limited to the calves fed 400 or 800 ppm of free gossypol after 90 d of age. One calf in the group fed 400 ppm and 4 in the group fed 800 ppm died as a result of circulatory failure associated with gossypol consumption. We conclude from this study that a ration containing up to 200 ppm of free gossypol is safe, 400 ppm of free gossypol is toxic, and 800 ppm of free gossypol results in death losses. These results are compatible with previously reported naturally occurring toxicological outbreaks.

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“…Therefore, calculated values closely reflect actual mixed feed levels. This observation has been made and commented on by other researchers (22).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of Graded Concentrations of Gossypol on Calf Performance: Toxicological and Pathological Considerations

Risco

Holmberg²,

Kutches³

1992

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…The analytical data for the 312 samples of kernels are summarized in Table I of moisture-free and of moisture-and oil-free substance and in grams per 100 kernels. As previously noted in the case of oil and gossypol contents (12,8), analysis of variance indicated that both variety of cotton and environment have a highly significant influence on nitrogen content of the kernels. Similarly, the same factors have a highly significant influence on the grams of these three constituents per 100 kernels.…”

Section: Summary Of Oil Nitrogen and Gossypol Contentssupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Information on the relationships between these constituents has resulted from a symmetrically designed investigation, cotton-belt wide in scope, on the influence of variety and environment on tile composition of cottonseed. Phases of this investigation concerned with oil and gossypol individually have been reported previously (12,8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Relations between oil, nitrogen, and gossypol in cottonseed kernels

Stansbury

Pons

Hartog

1956

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Summary A study was made of the relations between oil, nitrogen, and gossypol contents of cottonseed kernels from the seed of eight commercial varieties of cotton grown at 13 locations during three years. Both variety of seed and environment had a highly significant influence on each constituent whether expressed as percentage of the kernel or as weight of constituent per 100 kernels. Each variety showed a significant positive correlation between oil and gossypol and significant negative correlations between oil and nitrogen and between gossypol and nitrogen, on the basis of percentage‐constituent in the kernel. The amount of both oil and nitrogen elaborated in the kernel tends to be related to the size of the kernel; each of these constituents increases with increased kernel size. The highly significant positive relationship between grams of oil and grams of gossypol per 100 kernels which is evident even when nitrogen is held constant can be explained on the basis that these two constituents are synthesized during the same stage of seed development. Rainfall or temperature had no significant over‐all influence on the nitrogen content of the kernels. Grams of nitrogen per 100 kernels showed a significant negative correlation with mean minimum temperature for 5 of the varieties but was not significantly correlated with total rainfall during the maturation period for any of the varieties. Grams of oil and gossypol per 100 kernels tended to increase with increasing rainfall and decrease with increasing mean temperature. The ratio of nitrogen to gossypol is negatively correlated with the oil content of the kernels. The variation attributed to varietal influence decreases as the oil content of the kernel increases. It is postulated that high ratios are desirable for the production of meals containing a low free‐gossypol content.

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A Study on the Composition of Cottonseed Varieties Grown in Turkey and the Characteristics of their Oils

Yazicioglu¹,

Wetherilt

1985

Fette, Seifen, Anstrichm.

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Cottonseed, a by‐product of the cultivation of cotton plant, forms a major resource for the production of edible oils in Turkey. In addition, the cottonseed cake that remains after the oil has been extracted comprises a valuable source of protein and is used extensively as an animal foodstuff. In this work, 22 cottonseed samples cultivated in three different cotton growing areas of Turkey and their extracted oils are analysed. In order to assess the effects of climatic and agronomic conditions on the seeds and their oils, the compositions of the seeds of the same variety cultivated in different regions are compared and discussed.

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Gossypol in Cottonseed, Influence of Variety of Cottonseed and Environment

Cited by 37 publications

References 3 publications

Effect of Graded Concentrations of Gossypol on Calf Performance: Toxicological and Pathological Considerations

Effect of Graded Concentrations of Gossypol on Calf Performance: Toxicological and Pathological Considerations

Relations between oil, nitrogen, and gossypol in cottonseed kernels

A Study on the Composition of Cottonseed Varieties Grown in Turkey and the Characteristics of their Oils

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