Gossypol‐induced fitness gain and increased resistance to deltamethrin in beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)

Abstract

The reproductive capacity of S. exigua is significantly reduced in Delta-SEL and Gos-SEL populations compared with the control group (SS-Strain). Elevation of the major detoxification enzyme cytochrome P450 monooxygenase and esterase might have an important role in inducing tolerance to deltamethrin in gossypol-fed S. exigua populations. This study enhances our understanding of detoxification enzyme pathways for S. exigua gene expression and their role in responses to insecticides and plant secondary metabolites. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

Soybean aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) response to lambda‐cyhalothrin varies with its virulence status to aphid‐resistant soybean

“…Furthermore, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) larvae fed on a gossypol‐diet demonstrated higher tolerance to deltamethrin, associated with an increase in P450 activity within the midgut . The activities of esterases (EST) and P450 were also associated with development of resistance to deltamethrin in Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) fed gossypol …”

“…7 The activities of esterases (EST) and P450 were also associated with development of resistance to deltamethrin in Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) fed gossypol. 8 To what extent the response of the F0 generation of soybean aphid to lambda-cyhalothrin is typical for other insecticides is not clear. Similar experiments suggest effects on longevity and fecundity for the F0 generation varies by aphid species and insecticide combination.…”

“…Mechanisms used by insects to overcome plant defenses and chemical insecticides may be shared, which in turn may affect the susceptibility of insects to insecticides . Indeed, decreased susceptibility to insecticides has been observed in several pest species due to the effect of plant allelochemicals . Conversely, host plant resistance has also been reported to interfere with susceptibility of pest species to insecticides …”

“…[4][5][6] Indeed, decreased susceptibility to insecticides has been observed in several pest species due to the effect of plant allelochemicals. [6][7][8] Conversely, host plant resistance has also been reported to interfere with susceptibility of pest species to insecticides. [9][10][11] Insects can be exposed to sublethal concentrations of insecticides in several situations within agro-ecosystems.…”

Sub-lethal effects of lufenuron exposure on spotted bollworm Earias vittella (Fab): key biological traits and detoxification enzymes activity

“…Although pesticides minimize the adverse impact of insect pests by reducing the population of arthropods, inappropriate application of pesticides can remain as residues in the food chain; contaminating soil, air, ground and surface water, thus affecting the entire ecosystem (Lakshmi 1993;Rezaei et al 2017). Their continued use in agriculture has led to significant consequences not only to public health but also to food quality resulting in an impact load on the fatality of natural predators and as well as the development of pest resistance (Cordeiro et al 2013;Guedes and Cutler 2014;EFSA 2015;Zhan et al 2015;Hafeez et al 2018). In humans, and other organisms, the ingestion of pesticides can cause serious health problems that can have an impact across multiple generations (Aktar et al 2009).…”