2015
DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201403385
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Governing Chemistry of Cellulose Hydrolysis in Supercritical Water

Abstract: 9This article summarizes the recent efforts in the High Pressure Processes Group labs at UVa 10 regarding the fundamentals of biomass hydrolysis in pressurized water medium. At extremely 11 low reaction times (0.02 s), cellulose was hydrolyzed in supercritical water (400ºC and 25 12 MPa) obtaining a sugars yield higher than 95% w·w -1 while 5-HMF yield was lower than 13 0.01% w·w -1 . When the reaction times was increased up to 1 s, the main product was 14 glycolaldehyde (60% w·w -1 ). Independently of the rea… Show more

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Cited by 83 publications
(43 citation statements)
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“…Meanwhile, researchers studied hydrolysis reactions in both subcritical and supercritical water. They found that the hydrogen and hydroxyl ion concentrations in the reaction medium as a result of water dissociation were the determining factors, and with considering the hydrogen and hydroxyl ion concentrations, the rate constants conformed to the Arrhenius formula well . In the studied range of temperature, the p K w of subcritical water is about 11.4, which reveals that a high concentration of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions exists in the medium and ionic reactions are favoured .…”
Section: Reaction Mechanism and Kinetic Modelmentioning
confidence: 79%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Meanwhile, researchers studied hydrolysis reactions in both subcritical and supercritical water. They found that the hydrogen and hydroxyl ion concentrations in the reaction medium as a result of water dissociation were the determining factors, and with considering the hydrogen and hydroxyl ion concentrations, the rate constants conformed to the Arrhenius formula well . In the studied range of temperature, the p K w of subcritical water is about 11.4, which reveals that a high concentration of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions exists in the medium and ionic reactions are favoured .…”
Section: Reaction Mechanism and Kinetic Modelmentioning
confidence: 79%
“…They found that the hydrogen and hydroxyl ion concentrations in the reaction medium as a result of water dissociation were the determining factors, and with considering the hydrogen and hydroxyl ion concentrations, the rate constants conformed to the Arrhenius formula well. [21,22] In the studied range of temperature, the pK w of subcritical water is about 11.4, which reveals that a high concentration of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions exists in the medium and ionic reactions are favoured. [23] Thus, in our kinetic model, the rate constants should consider the hydrogen and hydroxyl ion concentrations, which means that the hydrolysis occurs via both acid-and base-catalyzed reaction pathways.…”
Section: Reaction Mechanism and Kinetic Modelmentioning
confidence: 92%
“…Moreover, there always existed the high costs of the enzyme with a low hydrolysis rate . Supercritical water was an alternative approach for hydrolysis of cellulose under high temperature and high pressure, but had too fast a process that was hard to control, and too many side reactions . As the most widely used catalyst, liquid acids, which were effective to break the β‐1,4‐glycosidic bonds, could also be utilized to catalyze the hydrolysis of cellulose.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…At present, hydrolysis of cellulose into glucose is still one of the bottlenecks and challenging problems in the field of utilization of biomass [9,10]. In recent years, some researchers have reported the hydrolysis of cellulose into glucose through acid catalysts [11][12][13], subcritical and supercritical water [14][15][16] and ionic liquid [17][18][19]. However the problems of low activity and/or selectivity, severe reaction conditions and potential & Xiang-Guang Meng mengxgchem@163.com environmental pollution have not been resolved [20,21].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%