Government Expenditure and Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa

Wandeda, Dickson Onyango; Masai, Wafula; Nyandemo, Samuel M.

doi:10.22158/jepf.v7n4p14

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This is linked to the fact that control of corruption, higher government effectiveness, efficiency, and quality of regulations, the rule of law, and voice and accountability improve the efficiency of economic resources, which, in turn, positively influences the enhancement and improvement of health outcomes. Our findings are consistent with those of Nawaz et al 185 , Nirola and Sahu 186 , and Wandeda et al 187 , who have also noticed similar results in their studies considering various economies. Moreover, the findings show that AIQ is effective in offsetting the negative effects of per capita energy consumption on life expectancy.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Unveiling the health consequences of air pollution in the world’s most polluted nations

Azimi,

Rahman

2024

Sci Rep

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Air pollution poses a persuasive threat to global health, demonstrating widespread detrimental effects on populations worldwide. Exposure to pollutants, notably particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 µm (PM2.5), has been unequivocally linked to a spectrum of adverse health outcomes. A nuanced understanding of the relationship between them is crucial for implementing effective policies. This study employs a comprehensive investigation, utilizing the extended health production function framework alongside the system generalized method of moments (SGMM) technique, to scrutinize the interplay between air pollution and health outcomes. Focusing on a panel of the top twenty polluted nations from 2000 to 2021, the findings yield substantial insights. Notably, PM2.5 concentration emerges as a significant factor, correlating with a reduction in life expectancy by 3.69 years and an increase in infant mortality rates by 0.294%. Urbanization is found to increase life expectancy by 0.083 years while concurrently decreasing infant mortality rates by 0.00022%. An increase in real per capita gross domestic product corresponds with an improvement in life expectancy by 0.21 years and a decrease in infant mortality rates by 0.00065%. Similarly, an elevated school enrollment rate is associated with a rise in life expectancy by 0.17 years and a decline in infant mortality rates by 0.00032%. However, a higher population growth rate is found to modestly decrease life expectancy by 0.019 years and slightly elevate infant mortality rates by 0.000016%. The analysis reveals that per capita greenhouse gas emissions exert a negative impact, diminishing life expectancy by 0.486 years and elevating infant mortality rates by 0.00061%, while per capita energy consumption marginally reduces life expectancy by 0.026 years and increases infant mortality rates by 0.00004%. Additionally, economic volatility shock presents a notable decrement in life expectancy by 0.041 years and an increase in infant mortality rates by 0.000045%, with inflationary shock further exacerbating adverse health outcomes by lowering life expectancy by 0.70 years and elevating infant mortality rates by 0.00025%. Moreover, the study scrutinizes the role of institutional quality, revealing a constructive impact on health outcomes. Specifically, the institutional quality index is associated with an increase in life expectancy by 0.66% and a decrease in infant mortality rates by 0.0006%. Extending the analysis to examine the nuanced dimensions of institutional quality, the findings discern that economic institutions wield a notably stronger positive influence on health outcomes compared to political and institutional governance indices. Finally, the results underscore the pivotal moderating role of institutional quality in mitigating the deleterious impact of PM2.5 concentration on health outcomes, counterbalancing the influence of external shocks, and improving the relationships between explanatory variables and health outcome indicators. These findings offer critical insights for guiding evidence-based policy implications, with a focus on fostering resilient, sustainable, and health-conscious societies.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Unveiling the health consequences of air pollution in the world’s most polluted nations

Azimi,

Rahman

2024

Sci Rep

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“…In the vast majority of the literature, inflation is employed as one of the determinants of economic growth. Authors such as Kandil (2009), Tran (2021), Wandeda et al (2021) benefited from this variable for explaining the dynamics of economic growth. In our case, consumer prices annual growth rate (INF) is used as a proxy for inflation.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of institutional quality on economic growth: Evidence from post-soviet countries

Gasimov,

Asgarzade,

Jabiyev

2023

Journal of International Studies

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The paper investigates the long-run impact of the institutional environment on economic growth for the sample of post-Soviet countries in 1996-2021. Using the Autoregressive Distributive Lag Model, we found that a U-shaped link exists between institutional quality and economic growth. Regarding the institutional quality dimensions, a similar link was observed for four out of six factors (POLSTAB, GOVEFF, RULELAW, CONTCORR). In contrast, the other two dimensions (REGQUAL, VOACC) exhibited inverted U-shaped impact on the dependent variable. Moreover, findings provide insight into the impact of control variables such as inflation (INF), openness (OPE), and population growth rate (POPGROWTH) on economic growth. More precisely, openness was found to have positive impact on the dependent variable, while inflation and population growth rate both had negative effect on economic growth. Based on these results, the paper suggests some policy implications for post-Soviet countries in terms of achieving economic growth by improving the institutional quality environment.

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“…Another study by Wandeda et al [ 21 ] claims that governance indicators, including political stability and absence of violence, regulatory quality, voice and accountability, corruption control, government effectiveness, and rule of law, have positive effects on economic growth in SSA. Similar findings were presented by AlShiab et al [ 39 ] in their studies across East Asia and Central Asia, the Pacific, Europe, and North American countries.…”

Section: Theoretical and Empirical Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of these studies contend that institutional quality has an impact on government policies, which in turn affect economic growth [ [16] , [17] , [18] ]. Some others attempt to link institutional quality indicators directly to economic growth [ 16 , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] ], providing quite varying results. However, while these studies emphasize the importance of strong and better-performing institutions for economic growth, they are heavily biased towards general economic growth [ 20 , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] ], with little attention paid to the agricultural sector exclusively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of institutional quality on agricultural value added in East Africa

Gelgo,

Gemechu,

Bedemo

2023

Heliyon

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Government Expenditure and Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Unveiling the health consequences of air pollution in the world’s most polluted nations

Unveiling the health consequences of air pollution in the world’s most polluted nations

The impact of institutional quality on economic growth: Evidence from post-soviet countries

The effect of institutional quality on agricultural value added in East Africa

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