Government-Sponsored Vocational Education for Adults

McCall, Brian P.; Smith, Jeffrey A.; Wunsch, Conny

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63459-7.00009-9

Cited by 53 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 185 publications

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“…Similar programs exist in many other countries [3]. The illustration shows the employment effects of the program for participants separately by planned program duration: the short-term training program has a planned duration of no more than six months (average actual duration 3.6 months) and the long-term program has a planned duration of more than six months (average actual duration 11.8 months).…”

Section: Discussion Of Pros and Consmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to minimize lock-in effects of programs for unemployed workers

Wunsch¹

2016

izawol

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1 ProsActivation programs can improve the employment prospects and earnings of participants. Higher expected post-program effects make participation more desirable. The human capital investment associated with a program increases with program duration. The earlier in the unemployment spell the program takes place the earlier possible positive employment effects can occur. ELEVAToR PITChActivation programs, such as job search assistance, training, or work experience programs for unemployed workers, typically initially produce negative employment effects. These so-called "lock-in effects" occur because participants spend less time and effort on job search activities than non-participants. Lock-in effects need to be offset by sufficiently large post-participation employment or earnings for the programs to be cost-effective. They represent key indirect costs that are often more important than direct program costs. The right timing and targeting of these programs can improve their cost-effectiveness by reducing lock-in effects. ConsActivation programs divert time and effort away from job search. As the expected post-program effects increase, it becomes more attractive to complete the program than to search for a job, which increases the magnitude of lock-in effects. Incentives to engage in an intense job search decrease with the length of the program, especially during its early stages. Starting programs early in the unemployment spell makes it more likely that participants will forego good employment chances.how to minimize lock-in effects of programs for unemployed workers Appropriate timing and targeting of activation programs for the unemployed can help improve their cost-effectiveness

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Section: Discussion Of Pros and Consmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lock-in effects are a common finding in evaluations of activation programs [3]. They have been documented for many countries and different program types (see for example [1] for Germany, [5] for Sweden, [6] for Denmark, [7] for Austria, [8] for Switzerland, or [9] for the US).…”

Section: Discussion Of Pros and Consmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to minimize lock-in effects of programs for unemployed workers

Wunsch¹

2016

izawol

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“…Private economic and social benefits: Participation in adult learning was found to have some positive effects on the probability of employment, worker earnings and worker productivity in many studies, including studies utilising randomised experiment designs (OECD, 2005 [24] ; Overman, 2016 [25] ; Card, Kluve and Weber, 2015 [26] ; McCall, Smith and Wunsch, 2016 [27] ). Research findings on the well-being and social returns for individuals are more limited, although some report positive effects on outcomes and behaviour, such as health and propensity to volunteer (European Commission, 2015 [28] ).…”

Section: Box 24 Overview Of Evidence On the Returns Of Adult Learningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving adult learning in Portugal: Assessment and Recommendations

2018

OECD Skills Studies

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This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECD member countries.This document, as well as any data and any map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area.

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“…However, the prospects of greater social and political stability alone may justify a significant public contribution to funding the program. In addition to this, incomplete information, psychological barriers of eligible workers, restrictions imposed by countries' economic, cultutral and education institutions as well as capital market imperfections like the unavailability of educational training loans may justify public investments into adult training (McCall et al 2016). Governments should cover the lion's share of the programs in the first years when the programs are being established.…”

Section: Fundingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Possible reasons for workers' nonparticipation are manifold, including economic and psychological barriers. Economic barriers include age, capital-market imperfections and incomplete information (McCall et al 2016). Higher age leaves less time for active labor market participation to recoup the training costs through future higher wages.…”

Section: Training Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult training in the digital age

Bode

Gold

2018

Economics

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Digital technologies will both create new jobs and replace existing ones. To cope with increasing labor market dynamics in the digital age, workers will have to become more mobile across jobs, occupations, and industries. The relative importance of their job-specific skills will decrease while that of their general skills applicable to various occupations will increase. The G20 should establish national adult training programs that focus on improving workers' general skills, specifically their theoretical, non-cognitive, and digital skills. These general skills will enable workers to work with technology instead of competing with it, thereby increasing their job mobility and employability.(Published as Global Solutions Paper) JEL E24 I38 J24 J62 O33

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Government-Sponsored Vocational Education for Adults

Cited by 53 publications

References 185 publications

How to minimize lock-in effects of programs for unemployed workers

How to minimize lock-in effects of programs for unemployed workers

Improving adult learning in Portugal: Assessment and Recommendations

Adult training in the digital age

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