GPS constraints on the 2011-2012 Oaxaca slow slip event that preceded the 2012 March 20 Ometepec earthquake, southern Mexico

Graham, Shannon; DeMets, Charles; Cabral‐Cano, E.; Kostoglodov, V.; Walpersdorf, Andréa; Cotte, Nathalie; Brudzinski, M. R.; McCaffrey, Robert J.; Salazar-Tlaczani, Luis

doi:10.1093/gji/ggu019

Cited by 59 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…After these two events new characteristic repeating earthquakes appeared up until the end of the duration of this study. A proper waveform analysis of the aftershock activity is beyond the scope of the present study; nonetheless, slip rates based on repeating earthquakes are in agreement with GPS‐based studies [ Graham et al , ]. In a similar vein, we compared our result with the empirical recurrence time versus moment magnitude relation of Nadeau and Johnson [] corrected for a variable convergence rate along the trench as proposed in Chen et al [].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Before 2012, slip rate estimates are consistent with what was expected from the plate rotation of the Cocos plate slides underneath the North American plate [ DeMets et al , ]. After 2012, slip rates estimated from repeating earthquakes suggest a dramatic increase that largely exceeds the plate motion by up to 35 cm/yr, which is in agreement with geodetic studies of postseismic deformation [ Graham et al , ]. This earthquake stands out because of the large number of aftershocks, in comparison with other earthquakes of the same magnitude [ Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , 2013].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatiotemporal variations of characteristic repeating earthquake sequences along the Middle America Trench in Mexico

2016

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Searching for repeating earthquakes allows the examination of spatiotemporal variation of slip budget in the subduction of the Cocos plate in the Guerrero‐Oaxaca region of Mexico. As different transient phenomena continuously load and unload stresses around asperities in an area where megathrust earthquakes nucleate, repeating earthquakes act as track markers for slip on the plate interface. We systematically examined 14 years of waveform records from 2001 through 2014 to identify repeating earthquakes along the subducting segment of the Cocos plate. An analysis of waveform similarity resulted in a significant number (224) of earthquake sequences with highly correlated waveforms (correlation coefficient cc ≥ 0.95 and spectral coherency coh ≥ 0.95). The reported set of correlated waveforms shows a well‐defined clustering in space and substantial temporal variability. We find a significant increase of repeating earthquake activity after the 20 March 2012 Ometepec (Mw 7.4) and 18 April 2014 Tecpan (Mw 7.2) earthquakes as a result of the postseismic relaxation. In contrast, the rupture zone of the 1985 (Mw 8.1) Michoacán earthquake is completely devoid of repeating sequences, suggesting a strongly coupled segment. Examining the temporal behavior of repeating earthquake activity provides a new tool to better understand how creeping of the subduction thrust controls stress release and postseismic relaxation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal variations of characteristic repeating earthquake sequences along the Middle America Trench in Mexico

2016

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“…While the precursory moment release remains scarcely determined in most natural seismicity, several examples of well‐instrumented earthquakes seem to follow the same trend as our laboratory earthquakes and highlight that the M p scales with the seismic moment of the mainshock (Figure ). Note that we tried to compile as many observations as possible (to our knowledge) where the precursory nucleation phase could be resolved using geodetic analyses of modeled fault displacement prior to the mainshock (Borghi et al, ., Kato et al, , Socquet et al, ; Radiguet et al, ; Ruiz et al, ; Graham et al, ; Voss et al, ) and/or aseismic fault slip inferred from earthquake repeaters and foreshocks (Bouchon et al, ; Huang & Meng, ; Kato et al, ; Kato et al, ; Ruiz et al, ). Therefore, Figure (details in Item S3) should be considered carefully.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Precursory Moment Release Scale With Earthquake Magnitude? A View From the Laboratory

Acosta

Passelègue

Schubnel

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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Today, earthquake precursors remain debated. While precursory slow slip is an important feature of earthquake nucleation, foreshock sequences are not always observed, and their temporal evolution remains poorly constrained. We report on laboratory earthquakes conducted under upper‐crustal stress and fluid pressure conditions. The dynamics of precursors (slip, seismicity, and fault coupling) prior to the mainshock are dramatically affected by slight changes in fault conditions (fluid pressure and slip history). A relationship between precursory moment release and mainshock magnitude is systematically observed, independent of fault conditions. Based on nucleation theory, we derive a semiempirical scaling relationship which explains this trend for laboratory earthquakes. Several natural observations of earthquakes ranging from ~Mw 6.0–9.0, where precursory moment release could be estimated, seem to follow the extrapolation of the laboratory‐derived scaling law. Notwithstanding spatiotemporal complexity in natural seismicity, some moderate to large earthquake magnitudes might be estimated through integrated seismological and geodetic measurements of both seismic and aseismic slips during nucleation.

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“…Limited available geodetic data are far from definitive, although they have been interpreted to support the triggering hypothesis for the 2011 Tohoku earthquake (34). SSEs in other subduction zones have also been interpreted to support the triggering hypothesis (35,36). Our data describe, to our knowledge, the first well-recorded shallow SSEs in the decade leading up to a large subduction zone earthquake and a deeper event in 2012 immediately before the earthquake (Supporting Information), allowing a rigorous examination of the triggering hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthquake and tsunami forecasts: Relation of slow slip events to subsequent earthquake rupture

Dixon

Jiang

Malservisi

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

125

167

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Significance Recent destructive megathrust earthquakes and tsunamis in Japan and Sumatra indicate the difficulty of forecasting these events. Geodetic monitoring of the offshore regions of the subduction zones where these events occur has been suggested as a useful tool, but its potential has never been conclusively demonstrated. Here we show that slow slip events, nondestructive events that release energy slowly over weeks or months, are important mechanisms for releasing seismic strain in subduction zones. Better monitoring of these events, especially those offshore, could allow estimates of the size of future earthquakes and their potential for damaging tsunamis. However, the predictive value of slow slip events remains unclear.

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GPS constraints on the 2011-2012 Oaxaca slow slip event that preceded the 2012 March 20 Ometepec earthquake, southern Mexico

Cited by 59 publications

References 24 publications

Spatiotemporal variations of characteristic repeating earthquake sequences along the Middle America Trench in Mexico

Spatiotemporal variations of characteristic repeating earthquake sequences along the Middle America Trench in Mexico

Can Precursory Moment Release Scale With Earthquake Magnitude? A View From the Laboratory

Earthquake and tsunami forecasts: Relation of slow slip events to subsequent earthquake rupture

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