GPS‐Electronic Monitoring and Contemporary Penology: A Case Study of US GPS‐Electronic Monitoring Programmes

Abstract

Criminologists have noted a significant reorientation of criminal justice policy. Initially this reorientation was most dramatically articulated by Feeley and Simon (1992), who suggested that penality has shifted from the 'modern' to 'new' penology. Criticisms of the binary 'modern' and 'new' penology model has led to the contemporary understanding of penality through a threefold model of: 'punishment-punitive', 'rehabilitativehumanistic' and 'managerial-surveillant' discourses. This research represents an empirically-based attempt to locate GPS-electronic monitoring within this threefold model.

Specialization and the Use of GPS for Domestic Violence by Pretrial Programs: Findings from a National Survey of U.S. Practitioners

“…Thus, while EM as a curfew compliance mechanism "resembles Deleuzean (1992) 'control' more than Foucauldian 'discipline'" (Nellis, 2009, p. 58), or a managerial-surveillant approach, other applications might be more punitive-repressive (e.g., Payne & Gainey, 1998), humanistic-rehabilitative (Nellis, 2005), or reflect the influence of multiple discourses (cf. Cotter & De Lint, 2009). Such ideological indeterminacy underlies penological drift.…”

Police as Alert Responders? Lessons Learned about Perceived Roles and Responses from Pretrial GPS Supervision of Domestic Violence Defendants

“…Efforts to pair police with community correctional agencies continue to grow in popularity in the United States (Murphy, 2008) and are representative of a movement toward maintaining surveillance on high risk populations in the criminal justice system as a whole (Cotter and De Lint, 2009;Ibarra et al, 2014;Jannetta and Lachman, 2011;McGarrell et al, 2005;Paterson and Clamp, 2014). These partnerships have the potential to enhance public safety by adding focused deterrence and an additional layer of monitoring to known offenders under supervision, interrupting criminal behaviors through timely responses, and addressing locally specified crime problems through intelligence sharing (Jannetta andLachman, 2011: McGarrell et al, 2005;Murphy, 2008).…”

“…The focus of the research reported here is the perception of police roles and responses among victims, victim advocates, and those tasked with the responsibility of directly supervising alleged assailants during pretrial. This research gives victims an active voice, which is quite uncommon from extant knowledge of IPV/DV incidents (Cotter and De Lint, 2009). Furthermore, this research fundamentally acknowledges that police roles and responses do not end once an incident has been processed.…”

“…Study participants have provided unique perspectives regarding their experiences with police and their expectations of police roles in a pretrial setting where GPS supervision is used to monitor high-risk defendants. In an era where the monitoring of offenders with GPS technology has rapidly expanded across the United States and has gained momentum in the United Kingdom, Spain, and Latin America (Cotter and De Lint, 2009;Ibarra et al, 2014;Paterson and Clamp, 2014), these perspectives generate insights as to how police can be leveraged to create new, or enhance existing, criminal justice responses to IPV/DV offenses. This study seeks to broaden knowledge on perceived police roles and responses in managing IPV/DV crimes, contribute to ongoing discussions of best practice for police and criminal justice system processing, and advance an agenda for future research focused on the extended roles of the police during and after IPV/DV encounters.…”

A Smart Electronic Tagging System Based on Context Awareness and Machine-to-Machine Interworking

“…When the electronic tag and portable terminal are located within 5 m of each other and communicate normally, location tracing is accomplished through communication between the portable terminal and GPS satellites [5]. The satellites transmit the information to a central location tracing control center in the Seoul Probation Office for the real-time 24-hour tracking of targets [6].…”