GPS Operations in High Earth Orbit: Recent Experiences and Future Opportunities

Ashman, Benjamin W.; Bauer, Frank; Parker, Joel J. K.; Donaldson, Jennifer

doi:10.2514/6.2018-2568

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This system consists of three segments: (a) satellite signal reception and location system (spatial); (b) Earth calibration station (control); and (c) GPS receiver (user). The space segment is made up of a network of at least 24 satellites in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) that emit the signals (30 operational), of which at least four are required for three-dimensional navigation, which includes latitude, longitude and altitude (in the case of the present investigation, information was received from up to 12 satellites) [ 34 ]. This navigation system is made possible by the creation of a constellation of GPS satellites.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Positioning System Analysis of Physical Demands in Elite Women’s Beach Handball Players in an Official Spanish Championship

Sánchez-Sáez

Sánchez-Sánchez

Martínez-Rodríguez

et al. 2021

Sensors

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This cross-sectional study aims to analyze the physical demands of elite beach handball players during an official competition. Nine elite female (mean age: 24.6 ± 4.0 years; body weight: 62.4 ± 4.6 kg; body height: 1.68 ± 0.059 m; training experience: 5 years; training: 6 h/week) beach handball players of the Spanish National Team were recruited for this study. A Global Positioning System was incorporated on each player’s back to analyze their movement patterns. Speed and distance were recorded at a sampling frequency of 15 Hz, whereas acceleration was recorded at 100 Hz by means of a built-in triaxial accelerometer. The main finding of the study is that 53% of the distance travelled is done at speeds between 1.5 and 5 km/h and 30% of the distance is between 9 and 13 km/h (83% of the total distance covered), which shows the intermittent efforts that beach handball involves at high intensity, as reflected in the analysis of the internal load with 62.82 ± 14.73% of the game time above 80% of the maximum heart rate. These data help to orientate training objectives to the physical demands required by the competition in order to optimize the players’ performance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Positioning System Analysis of Physical Demands in Elite Women’s Beach Handball Players in an Official Spanish Championship

Sánchez-Sáez

Sánchez-Sánchez

Martínez-Rodríguez

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…The 12 channel General Dynamics Viceroy IV GPSR was selected for the GOES-R series; the first use of a civilian frequency GPSR at GEO, providing a dramatic step forward in autonomous orbit determination [4,5]. It was coupled with a unique L1 antenna built by Lockheed Martin Space Systems designed for side lobe tracking with a main lobe gain of ~11 dB at 22 degrees off nadir.…”

Section: Table I Goes-r Orbital Position and Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to Maximize Science Data Availability for the GOES-R Series of Satellites

Dudley

Freesland²,

Harvie

et al. 2018

2018 SpaceOps Conference

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The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R Series (GOES-R) is the next generation of United States geostationary weather satellites. The GOES-R series significantly improves the detection and observation of environmental phenomena that directly affect public safety, protection of property and the economic health and prosperity of the United States and all countries within the Western Hemisphere. Given the real-time or "now-casting" nature of the GOES science gathering mission, any data outage or interruption can reduce warning times or scientific fidelity for critical weather data. GOES-R mission level requirements limit key performance product outages to a total of six hours per year to maximize science data availability. Lower level requirement only allow for 120 minutes of disruption between the spacecraft bus interface to the instruments. This requirement is met using both design features of the satellite and ground system, in addition to operational strategies.

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“…With the rapid development of aerospace technology, high-altitude spacecraft are playing an increasingly important role in military and civilian fields, such as long-distance communication, meteorological detection, disaster warning, and lunar exploration (Ashman et al, 2018a;Chai et al, 2018). Currently, the orbit determination of high-altitude spacecraft is mainly undertaken by the ground Telemetry, Track and Command (TT&C) network.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability analysis of GNSS signals above GNSSs constellation

Yang¹,

Wang²,

Shen

et al. 2020

J. Navigation

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In view of many problems associated with the availability of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals in high-altitude space, this paper presents a comprehensive and systematic analysis. First, the coverage and strength characteristics of GNSS signals in high-altitude space (i.e., space above the GNSS constellation) are presented, and the visibility of GNSS signals is evaluated by combining these two factors. Second, the geometric configuration and geometric dilution of precision (GDOP) of visible GNSS satellites are analysed. Then, the Doppler shift range of the GNSS signals is deduced based on the dynamic performance of high-altitude spacecraft. Finally, taking GaoFen-4 (GF-4) as the application object, the availability of GNSS signals is simulated and evaluated. GNSS signals in high-altitude space are generally weak, and the visible GNSS satellites are concentrated in the high-elevation range. The combination of main and side lobe signals and compatibility of multiple constellations can increase the number of visible satellites, improve the geometry configuration, reduce GDOP, and thus improve the availability of GNSS signals. The results of this research can provide technical support for the design and development of GNSS receivers suitable for high-altitude space.

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GPS Operations in High Earth Orbit: Recent Experiences and Future Opportunities

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Global Positioning System Analysis of Physical Demands in Elite Women’s Beach Handball Players in an Official Spanish Championship

Global Positioning System Analysis of Physical Demands in Elite Women’s Beach Handball Players in an Official Spanish Championship

Strategies to Maximize Science Data Availability for the GOES-R Series of Satellites

Availability analysis of GNSS signals above GNSSs constellation

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