GPX7 reduces chondrocyte inflammation and extracellular matrix degradation triggered by IL‑1β, via a mechanism mediated by ferroptosis

Abstract

During osteoarthritis (OA), chondrocytes become highly active, with increased matrix synthesis and inflammatory cytokine-induced catabolic pathways. Early intervention strategies targeting pathological changes may attenuate or halt disease progression. The present study aimed to reveal the role of glutathione peroxidase (GPX)7 in OA. For this purpose, a research model was established by inducing C28/I2 human chondrocytes with interleukin (IL)-1β, and the expression level of GPX7 was determined. To explore its roles, C28/I2 cells were transfected to gain GPX7 overexpression. The effects of GPX7 overexpression on intracellular inflammation, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, apoptosis and ferroptosis were then evaluated. In addition, the cells were treated with the ferroptosis inducer, erastin, and its effects on the aforementioned phenotypes were assessed. The level of GPX7 was decreased in response to IL-1β treatment, and GPX7 overexpression suppressed cellular inflammation, ECM degradation and apoptosis. Moreover, the reduction of lipid peroxidation, ferrous ions and transferrin indicated that GPX7 overexpression inhibited ferroptosis. Subsequently, inflammation, ECM degradation and apoptosis were found to be promoted in the cells upon treatment with erastin. These findings suggested that the regulatory role of GPX7 may be mediated by a pathway involving ferroptosis. On the whole, the present study revealed that GPX7 reduces IL-1β-induced chondrocyte inflammation, apoptosis and ECM degradation partially through a mechanism involving ferroptosis. The results of the present study lay a theoretical foundation for subsequent OA-related research and may enable the development of translational strategies for the treatment of OA.

Ferroptosis: a novel mechanism of cell death in ophthalmic conditions

“…A growing body of research indicates a close relationship between ferroptosis and apoptosis ( 124 , 125 ). Under specific conditions, cells can transition from apoptosis to ferroptosis ( 126 ).…”