Graded forward and backward walking at a matched intensity on cardiorespiratory responses and postural control

Comparing the effects of retro and forward walking on serum adiponectin levels in obese young adults

“…Retro walking, in addition to being a novel way of exercising and thus able to interest people, especially young people, places a higher demand on sensorimotor, cardiovascular, metabolic, and perceptual responses than forward walking. 35 Exercise prescription for obese individuals is a domain that most clinicians tread on carefully, because of the risk of musculoskeletal injuries to which obese persons are prone. There is always a need to identify newer and safer, yet effective ways for obese persons to exercise.…”

“…The exercise period consisted of backward walking at a pace of 4 km/h (67 m/min at a gradient of 10%). 35 , 36 The subjects in the forward walking group went through a forward walking treadmill training program, also under supervision, with intensity, duration, and frequency similar to the retro walking exercise training program. The outcome measurements were done before commencement and after the end of the exercise training program.…”

Retro walking treadmill training reduces C—reactive protein levels in overweight and obese young adults: A randomized comparative study

“…Also, backward walking poses a considerable challenge to standing dynamic balance, thus recruiting more neurons in the process. 18 , 23 Hyun‐Gyu and co‐workers found that backward walking stimulated the lower limb muscles and resulted in higher energy consumption in the lower limbs. They also stated that backward walking stimulates the quadriceps muscles and other muscles which subsequently move the knee joint in a considerably more balanced manner as compared with forward walking.…”

“…Each session included an exercise period, which started with duration of 15 min, and progressed to 30 min over the 12‐week training period. During the exercise period, the participants were made to walk backwards at a speed of 4 km/h (or 67 meters/min) with a 10% gradient 18 , 19 The participants in the forward walking training group underwent a supervised treadmill training program with duration, intensity, and frequency similar to that of the retro walking treadmill training program.…”

Effectiveness of backward walking for people affected by stroke

“…[ 38 ] To the best of our knowledge, it has been reported that BW exhibits a positive effect on the rehabilitation of post stroke, [ 18 ] knee osteoarthritis, [ 39 ] diabetic foot syndrome, [ 16 , 40 ] Parkinson's, [ 41 ] pediatric cerebral palsy, [ 42 ] low back pain, [ 43 ] and anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. [ 12 ] morever, Thomas KS et al [ 44 ] suggested that greater cardiovascular, neuromuscular, perceptual and metabolic demands were required for BW. In addition, it is also proven to be beneficial to improve cardiopulmonat function.…”