Gradient Hydrogels—The State of the Art in Preparation Methods

Zinkovska, Natalia; Smilek, Jiří; Pekař, Miloslav

doi:10.3390/polym12040966

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The scaffolds were processed by a gelation process to fabricate hydrogels. It is important to point out that the process is similar to other studies concerning protein-based hydrogels [48]. The hydrogels were produced from a collagen solution (10 mg/mL) in 0.05 M acetic acid, which was centrifuged at 12,000 rpm, maintaining the temperature of the solution at 4 • C. The selection of the pH and acid used was based on a previous study, in which this combination exhibited the best results without the modification of the structure of the protein [41].…”

Section: Formation Of Hydrogelssupporting

confidence: 63%

Fabrication and Characterization of Hydrogels Based on Gelatinised Collagen with Potential Application in Tissue Engineering

et al. 2020

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Regenerative medicine is increasingly focused on the development of biomaterials that facilitate cell adhesion and proliferation through the use of natural polymers, which have better biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this way, the use of hydrogels has been considered as a potential option for tissue engineering due to their physical and chemical characteristics. However, few studies associate the raw materials properties and processing conditions with the final characteristics of hydrogels, which could condition their use as scaffolds for tissue engineering. In this context, the main objective of this work was the evaluation of type I collagen as raw material for the elaboration of hydrogels. In addition, gelation time, pH and temperature were evaluated as the most influential variables in the hydrogel processing method by rheological (time, strain and frequency sweep tests) and microstructural (Cryo-SEM) measurements. The results indicate that it is possible to obtain collagen hydrogels with adequate rheological and microstructural characteristics by selecting optimal processing conditions. However, further studies are necessary to assess their suitability for cell accommodation and growth.

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Section: Formation Of Hydrogelssupporting

confidence: 63%

Fabrication and Characterization of Hydrogels Based on Gelatinised Collagen with Potential Application in Tissue Engineering

et al. 2020

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“…Insoluble hydrogel networks can be generated by crosslinking PEG end-capped with acrylate groups (PEG-diacrylate (PEGDA)). The physicochemical properties of the resulting gels, including degradation rate, mechanical properties, crosslinking density, and swelling ratio, can be tightly controlled and systematically modified [ 13 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating the Molecular Mechanisms for the Interaction of Water with Polyethylene Glycol-Based Hydrogels: Influence of Ionic Strength and Gel Network Structure

2021

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The interaction of water within synthetic and natural hydrogel systems is of fundamental importance in biomaterial science. A systematic study is presented on the swelling behavior and states of water for a polyethylene glycol-diacrylate (PEGDA)-based model neutral hydrogel system that goes beyond previous studies reported in the literature. Hydrogels with different network structures are crosslinked and swollen in different combinations of water and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Network variables, polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecular weight (MW), and weight fraction are positively correlated with swelling ratio, while “non-freezable bound water” content decreases with PEG MW. The presence of ions has the greatest influence on equilibrium water and “freezable” and “non-freezable” water, with all hydrogel formulations showing a decreased swelling ratio and increased bound water as ionic strength increases. Similarly, the number of “non-freezable bound water” molecules, calculated from DSC data, is greatest—up to six molecules per PEG repeat unit—for gels swollen in PBS. Fundamentally, the balance of osmotic pressure and non-covalent bonding is a major factor within the molecular structure of the hydrogel system. The proposed model explains the dynamic interaction of water within hydrogels in an osmotic environment. This study will point toward a better understanding of the molecular nature of the water interface in hydrogels.

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“…The method of desalination presented above theoretically possible but difficult to implement since there is a problem with the selection of a hydrogel providing the relation PLmax > Pt [20,22]. Progressing rapidly family of gradient hydrogels [28] is a promising candidate for this mission. However, an alternative approach was developed in presented below e experimental part of the work.…”

Section: Forward Osmosis Membrane Assembly -Hydrogel Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Cycle of Water Desalination Utilizing Hydrogel as Draw Agent.

Fayer¹

2021

Preprint

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This document discusses operation of desalination system permanently extracting water from hydrogel draw agent by specially selected wicks. Due to its peculiarity the system combines advantages of both forward and reverse osmosis approaches such as, low power consumption, passive process of a freshwater extraction, continuous duty cycle and scaling possibility. While in modern systems an energy consumption of seawater desalination reaches of about 3 kWh/m 3, including pre-filtering and ancillaries [1], the same parameter for the specific system expected to be as low as for local fresh water supplyi.e., 0.2 kWh/m 3

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Gradient Hydrogels—The State of the Art in Preparation Methods

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

Fabrication and Characterization of Hydrogels Based on Gelatinised Collagen with Potential Application in Tissue Engineering

Fabrication and Characterization of Hydrogels Based on Gelatinised Collagen with Potential Application in Tissue Engineering

Elucidating the Molecular Mechanisms for the Interaction of Water with Polyethylene Glycol-Based Hydrogels: Influence of Ionic Strength and Gel Network Structure

Continuous Cycle of Water Desalination Utilizing Hydrogel as Draw Agent.

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