Gradients of Physiological Arousal in Parachutists as a Function of an Approaching Jump

Fenz, Walter D.; Epstein, Seymour

doi:10.1097/00006842-196701000-00005

Cited by 204 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Such variance can be attributed to gender (Bradley et al 2001), personality traits, and psychobiological differences (Zuckerman 1979(Zuckerman , 1996, as well as to adaptation (Fenz and Epstein 1967). It has been hypothesized for some time, then, that an apparently aversive experience may not actually trigger strong negative feelings.…”

Section: Intensity-based Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it may not be aversive at all. More generally, Fenz and Epstein's (1967) theory of inhibition of fear posits that the levels and pattern of fear response vary as a function of individuals' prior experience. In a study on parachute jumping, experts not only showed lower levels of fear/anxiety than novice jumpers but also presented different patterns of response.…”

Section: Intensity-based Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

On the Consumption of Negative Feelings

Andrade¹,

Cohen²

2007

J Consum Res

257

212

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How can the hedonistic assumption (i.e., people's willingness to pursue pleasure and avoid pain) be reconciled with people choosing to expose themselves to experiences known to elicit negative feelings? We assess how (1) the intensity of the negative feelings, (2) positive feelings in the aftermath, and (3) the coactivation of positive and negative feelings contribute to our understanding of such behavior. In a series of four studies, consumers with either approach or avoidance tendencies (toward horror movies) were asked to report their positive and/or negative feelings either after (experiment 1) or while (experiments 2, 3A, and 3B) they were exposed to a horror movie. We demonstrate how a model incorporating coactivation principles and enriched with a protective frame moderator (via detachment) can provide a more parsimonious and viable description of the affective reactions that result from counterhedonic behavior.R eaders who are unfamiliar with the vastly popular (in some circles!) horror movie genre might have missed the following scene. Two men wake up in a filthy bathroom chained to massive steel pipes at opposite ends of the room. The blood between them is from a man's corpse still holding the gun he used to kill himself. The two men discover two hacksaws. The tools are too dull to cut the massive chains that keep the men imprisoned but seem sharp enough to hack off their limbs and set them free. Jigsaw, the wildly popular killer, graphically tantalizes his prey. One victim must crawl through razor wire to escape. Another must find a key to overturn a bear trap attached to his mouth. Suggestively titled Saw, the movie generated $18 million in box office receipts in its opening weekend in October 2004, hitting third place in U.S. box office ratings (behind only Ray and The Grudge, another horror movie). Saw II was released 1 year later. Gainesville, FL, 32611-7155 (joel.cohen@cba.ufl.edu). Address correspondence to Eduardo B. Andrade. This project was sponsored by the Junior Faculty Research Grant and the Experimental Social Science Laboratory (Xlab) at the University of California, Berkeley. The article benefited from helpful comments and insights from the editor, the associate editor, and three reviewers, and also from participants in seminars at Stanford University, New York University, Columbia University, the University of Chicago, and the Emotion and Decision Making Reunion at the University of California, Berkeley. The authors thank James Chong, Cindy Wang, Simon Mak, Lawrence Sweet, Debbie Atlas, and Brenda Naputi for their assistance with data collection. John Deighton served as editor and Baba Shiv served as associate editor for this article.Electronically published June 26, 2007 These and a number of other box office hits attract audiences by immersing them in nearly 2 hours of fear, disgust, terror, and depravity. For that reason, horror movies provide an excellent window into counterintuitive consumer preferences for emotional experiences that produce negative emotional responses. Theor...

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Section: Intensity-based Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intensity-based Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Consumption of Negative Feelings

Andrade¹,

Cohen²

2007

J Consum Res

257

212

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Noninvasive measurement of activity in the SN system is also possible via skin conductance. The GSR has long been considered a measure of physiological and mental stress [32]. This method consists in capturing the autonomic nerve response as a parameter of the sweat gland function, by measuring the electrical resistance of the skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The functional relationships between psychological stress reactions, SN and SAM responses and HPA axis activation have been extensively investigated both during experimental laboratory sessions [16,[35][36][37]. Competitive parachute jumping is an acute, intensive stress situation, which has been employed by several investigators as a real-life stress situation [32,[38][39][40]. Sport parachuting is characterized by a markedly accentuated sympathetic activation, as shown by the increase in heart and respiration rates [41] and a higher degree of self-rated arousal during jumps [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Emotional Stress on Neuroendocrine and Autonomic Functions in Skydiving

AValenzano¹,

Moscatelli²,

Triggiani³

et al. 2015

J Psychiatry

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“…SC and HRV have also been studied as general indicators of Copyright c 2011 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers stress [17], [18]. The SC has also been used in important research on anxiety and stress levels [19]; and it has been a part of lie detection. Verschuere et al (2004) reported an enhanced electrodermal response during the crime related picture viewing compared to the controlled picture viewing [9], [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Bio-Signals to Understand the Physiological States of e-Learners and Improve the Learning Contents

Irfan

Nomura

Yamagishi

et al. 2011

IEICE Trans. Inf. & Syst.

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SUMMARYThis paper presents a new dimension in e-learning by collecting and analyzing physiological data during real-world e-learning sessions. Two different content materials, namely Interactive (IM) and Noninteractive (N-IM), were utilized to determine the physiological state of e-learners. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and Skin Conductance Level (SCL) were recorded continuously while learners experienced IM and N-IM for about 25 minutes each. Data from 18 students were collected for analysis. As a result significant difference between IM and N-IM was observed in SCL (p < .01) meanwhile there were no significance in other indices such as heart rate and its variability, and skin conductance response (SCR). This study suggests a new path in understanding e-learners' physiological state with regard to different e-learning materials; the results of this study suggest a clear distinction in physiological states in the context of different learning materials.

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Gradients of Physiological Arousal in Parachutists as a Function of an Approaching Jump

Cited by 204 publications

References 7 publications

On the Consumption of Negative Feelings

On the Consumption of Negative Feelings

Effects of Emotional Stress on Neuroendocrine and Autonomic Functions in Skydiving

Utilization of Bio-Signals to Understand the Physiological States of e-Learners and Improve the Learning Contents

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