Gradually increased oxygen administration promoted survival after hemorrhagic shock

Abstract

Gradually increased oxygen administration (GIOA) seems promising in hemorrhagic shock. However, the effects of GIOA on survival remain unclear, and details of GIOA are to be identified. After the induction of hemorrhagic shock, the rats were randomized into five groups (n ¼ 9): normoxic group (Normo), hyperoxic group (Hypero), normoxic to hyperoxic group (GIOA1), longtime hypoxemic to hyperoxic group (GIOA2), and short-time hypoxemic to hyperoxic group (GIOA3). Survival was recorded for 96 h, plasma alanine transaminase, oxidative stress, hemodynamics, and blood gas were measured. The mean survival time of the GIOA3 was significantly longer than that of the Normo, Hypero, and GIOA2. Plasma alanine transaminase levels were significantly lower in the Normo, GIOA1, and GIOA3 compared to the Hypero and GIOA2 at 2 h post-resuscitation (PR). Plasma 3-nitrotyrosine levels at 2 h PR were significantly lower in the GIOA2 and GIOA3 compared to the Normo and Hypero. Central venous oxygen saturation at 2 h PR in the GIOA3 was significantly higher than the Normo; however, no significant difference was observed between GIOA1 and Normo. Besides, at 2 h PR, mean arterial pressure in the GIOA3 was significantly higher than the GIOA2; however, no significant difference was observed between GIOA1 and GIOA2. (1) GIOA could significantly prolong survival time compared to normoxemic resuscitation and hyperoxic resuscitation; (2) early moments of GIOA are critical to the benefits; and (3) hypoxemia at onset of resuscitation may be imperative, more works are needed to determine the optimal initial oxygen concentration of GIOA.

First Aid Management of Traumatic Hemorrhagic Shock Patients from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…Therefore, Yumei Ma [25], that HTS patients from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau who were given early, high-ow, oxygen supply was able to correct hypoxia symptoms within a short period of time. Because of the high concentration, large ow, and continuous oxygen supply in the early stage of HTS patients' treatment can improve the arterial oxygen tension, increase the differential pressure of blood and tissue oxygen, promote the diffusion of blood oxygen to the tissue, to achieve the purpose of improving tissue hypoxia in varying degrees [30,31]. However, the high oxygen supply concentration is easy to lead to oxygen poisoning [32], it is necessary to adjust the oxygen supply ow according to the recovery of shock symptoms and SpO 2 .…”

Effects of different plasma expanders on rats subjected to severe acute normovolemic hemodilution

“…In the preparation of the present rodent model, the speed of infusion or hemorrhage was 20 ml/h, which reduced the Hct to 80, 60, and 40% of the baseline value in the three steps performed to attain ANH (Hct = 16%). Table 2 compares the present rodent model of ANH with the rodent model of HS (hemorrhaging approximately 40% of the total blood volume) which was published in research by our lab [ 20 , 30 – 32 ]. In both models, the Hct, Hb, BE, ScvO 2 , and MAP decreased, and the Lac increased.…”

“…Both femoral arteries and the right femoral vein were isolated and cannulated with polyethylene catheters (PE-50). The catheter inserted into the left femoral artery was used for blood withdrawal at the speed of 20 ml/h [ 20 , 21 ], the catheter inserted in the right femoral vein was used for fluid infusion at the same speed, and the catheter in the right femoral artery was connected to a multiple-channel recorder (MP150, Biopac System, USA) for monitoring the blood pressure and heart rate (HR). The left jugular vein was isolated and cannulated to approximately 3.5 cm deep with a catheter for the measurement of the central venous blood gas.…”