“…Regarding this similarity of view, Jarvis wrote that, in light of today's knowledge, it may well be that the early intuitions of the mental disciplinarians were correct but that they simply had the wrong explanation for the phenomena. l 9 Current support and evidence of improved cognitive functioning and foreign language study comes from both cognitive theory and empirical research. Jarvis recently reviewed the principles of learning that can be linked to supporting intellectual benefits from foreign language study.20 He suggcsts that in conceptualizations like those of Gagni, Bloom, Guilford, or Ausubel, learning is viewed as having multiple forms, levels, or ' varieties and as involving active participation of the learner.…”